Soil Science and Management

  1. Soil Chemistry and Mineralogy
    1. Soil Minerals
      1. Primary Minerals
        1. Quartz
          1. Feldspars
            1. Micas
              1. Ferromagnesian Minerals
              2. Secondary Minerals
                1. Clay Minerals
                  1. Kaolinite Group
                    1. Smectite Group
                      1. Illite Group
                        1. Vermiculite
                          1. Chlorite
                          2. Oxides and Hydroxides
                            1. Iron Oxides
                              1. Aluminum Oxides
                                1. Manganese Oxides
                                2. Carbonates
                                  1. Sulfates
                                3. Soil Colloids
                                  1. Properties of Colloids
                                    1. Size and Surface Area
                                      1. Surface Charge
                                        1. Colloidal Behavior
                                        2. Types of Soil Colloids
                                          1. Crystalline Clay Minerals
                                            1. Non-crystalline Materials
                                              1. Allophane
                                                1. Imogolite
                                                2. Organic Colloids
                                                  1. Sesquioxides
                                                3. Ion Exchange Processes
                                                  1. Cation Exchange
                                                    1. Cation Exchange Capacity
                                                      1. Exchangeable Cations
                                                        1. Base Saturation
                                                          1. Factors Affecting CEC
                                                          2. Anion Exchange
                                                            1. Anion Exchange Capacity
                                                              1. Variable Charge Surfaces
                                                                1. pH Effects on Anion Exchange
                                                              2. Soil Reaction
                                                                1. Soil pH
                                                                  1. pH Scale and Measurement
                                                                    1. Buffer Systems in Soil
                                                                    2. Sources of Soil Acidity
                                                                      1. Organic Acid Production
                                                                        1. Aluminum Hydrolysis
                                                                          1. Acid Precipitation
                                                                            1. Fertilizer Effects
                                                                            2. Sources of Soil Alkalinity
                                                                              1. Carbonate Minerals
                                                                                1. Sodium Accumulation
                                                                                  1. Irrigation Water Quality
                                                                                  2. pH Effects on Soil Properties
                                                                                    1. Nutrient Availability
                                                                                      1. Microbial Activity
                                                                                        1. Toxic Element Solubility
                                                                                        2. pH Management
                                                                                          1. Liming Materials
                                                                                            1. Limestone
                                                                                              1. Hydrated Lime
                                                                                                1. Wood Ash
                                                                                                2. Acidifying Materials
                                                                                                  1. Sulfur
                                                                                                    1. Aluminum Sulfate
                                                                                                      1. Iron Sulfate
                                                                                                  2. Oxidation-Reduction Processes
                                                                                                    1. Redox Potential
                                                                                                      1. Factors Affecting Redox Status
                                                                                                        1. Redox-Sensitive Elements
                                                                                                          1. Implications for Soil Management

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                                                                                                        4. Soil Water Relations

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                                                                                                        6. Soil Biology and Organic Matter