Pollution Science

  1. Pollution Control and Management
    1. Pollution Prevention and Source Reduction
      1. Principles of Pollution Prevention
        1. Hierarchy of Controls
          1. Life Cycle Thinking
            1. Cleaner Production
            2. Source Reduction Strategies
              1. Process Modification
                1. Input Material Substitution
                  1. Technology Innovation
                  2. Green Chemistry and Engineering
                    1. Green Chemistry Principles
                      1. Sustainable Design
                        1. Atom Economy
                        2. Industrial Ecology
                          1. Material Flow Analysis
                            1. Industrial Symbiosis
                              1. Circular Economy
                            2. Air Pollution Control Technologies
                              1. Particulate Matter Control
                                1. Mechanical Collectors
                                  1. Cyclones
                                    1. Inertial Separators
                                    2. Filtration Systems
                                      1. Fabric Filters
                                        1. HEPA Filters
                                          1. Ceramic Filters
                                          2. Electrostatic Precipitators
                                            1. Dry ESPs
                                              1. Wet ESPs
                                                1. Operating Principles
                                                2. Wet Scrubbers
                                                  1. Venturi Scrubbers
                                                    1. Packed Tower Scrubbers
                                                      1. Spray Towers
                                                    2. Gaseous Pollutant Control
                                                      1. Absorption Systems
                                                        1. Packed Columns
                                                          1. Plate Columns
                                                            1. Spray Towers
                                                            2. Adsorption Systems
                                                              1. Activated Carbon
                                                                1. Zeolites
                                                                  1. Regeneration Processes
                                                                  2. Catalytic Systems
                                                                    1. Catalytic Converters
                                                                      1. Selective Catalytic Reduction
                                                                        1. Catalytic Oxidation
                                                                        2. Thermal Destruction
                                                                          1. Thermal Oxidizers
                                                                            1. Catalytic Oxidizers
                                                                              1. Flares
                                                                            2. Mobile Source Controls
                                                                              1. Engine Modifications
                                                                                1. Exhaust After-treatment
                                                                                  1. Alternative Fuels
                                                                                    1. Electric Vehicles
                                                                                  2. Water and Wastewater Treatment
                                                                                    1. Physical Treatment Processes
                                                                                      1. Screening and Grit Removal
                                                                                        1. Sedimentation
                                                                                          1. Primary Clarifiers
                                                                                            1. Secondary Clarifiers
                                                                                              1. Lamella Settlers
                                                                                              2. Flotation
                                                                                                1. Dissolved Air Flotation
                                                                                                  1. Induced Air Flotation
                                                                                                  2. Filtration
                                                                                                    1. Sand Filtration
                                                                                                      1. Membrane Filtration
                                                                                                        1. Granular Activated Carbon
                                                                                                      2. Chemical Treatment Processes
                                                                                                        1. Coagulation and Flocculation
                                                                                                          1. Coagulant Types
                                                                                                            1. Mixing and Flocculation
                                                                                                              1. Jar Testing
                                                                                                              2. Chemical Precipitation
                                                                                                                1. Metal Removal
                                                                                                                  1. Phosphorus Removal
                                                                                                                    1. Softening
                                                                                                                    2. Chemical Oxidation
                                                                                                                      1. Chlorination
                                                                                                                        1. Ozonation
                                                                                                                          1. Advanced Oxidation Processes
                                                                                                                          2. Ion Exchange
                                                                                                                            1. Resin Types
                                                                                                                              1. Regeneration
                                                                                                                            2. Biological Treatment Processes
                                                                                                                              1. Activated Sludge Process
                                                                                                                                1. Conventional Systems
                                                                                                                                  1. Extended Aeration
                                                                                                                                    1. Sequencing Batch Reactors
                                                                                                                                    2. Fixed-Film Processes
                                                                                                                                      1. Trickling Filters
                                                                                                                                        1. Rotating Biological Contactors
                                                                                                                                          1. Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors
                                                                                                                                          2. Anaerobic Treatment
                                                                                                                                            1. Anaerobic Digesters
                                                                                                                                              1. Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket
                                                                                                                                                1. Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors
                                                                                                                                                2. Nutrient Removal
                                                                                                                                                  1. Biological Nitrogen Removal
                                                                                                                                                    1. Biological Phosphorus Removal
                                                                                                                                                      1. Combined Processes
                                                                                                                                                    2. Advanced Treatment Technologies
                                                                                                                                                      1. Membrane Processes
                                                                                                                                                        1. Microfiltration
                                                                                                                                                          1. Ultrafiltration
                                                                                                                                                            1. Nanofiltration
                                                                                                                                                              1. Reverse Osmosis
                                                                                                                                                              2. Advanced Oxidation
                                                                                                                                                                1. UV/Hydrogen Peroxide
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Ozone/Hydrogen Peroxide
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Photocatalysis
                                                                                                                                                                    2. Disinfection
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Chlorination
                                                                                                                                                                        1. UV Disinfection
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Ozonation
                                                                                                                                                                        2. Sludge Treatment and Disposal
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Thickening
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Stabilization
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Dewatering
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Disposal Options
                                                                                                                                                                              2. Solid and Hazardous Waste Management
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Waste Characterization
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Physical Characterization
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Chemical Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Hazard Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Waste Minimization
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Source Reduction
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Reuse and Recycling
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Material Recovery
                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Treatment Technologies
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Physical Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Size Reduction
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Separation
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Solidification/Stabilization
                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Chemical Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Neutralization
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Precipitation
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Oxidation/Reduction
                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Biological Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Composting
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Anaerobic Digestion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Bioremediation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Thermal Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Incineration
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Pyrolysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Gasification
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Disposal Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Landfilling
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Landfill Design
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Liner Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Leachate Collection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Gas Management
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Deep Well Injection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Ocean Disposal
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Recycling and Resource Recovery
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Material Recovery Facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Composting Operations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Energy Recovery
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Environmental Remediation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Site Investigation and Characterization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Preliminary Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Site Inspection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Remedial Investigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Risk Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Remediation Technologies
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. In-Situ Remediation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Soil Vapor Extraction
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Air Sparging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Bioremediation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Chemical Oxidation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Thermal Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Ex-Situ Remediation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Excavation and Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Soil Washing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Thermal Desorption
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Incineration
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Groundwater Remediation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Pump and Treat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Permeable Reactive Barriers
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Enhanced Bioremediation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Chemical Injection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Bioremediation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Microbial Processes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Aerobic Biodegradation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Anaerobic Biodegradation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Co-metabolism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Bioaugmentation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Biostimulation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Phytoremediation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Phytoextraction
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Phytostabilization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Rhizofiltration
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Natural Attenuation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Monitored Natural Attenuation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Attenuation Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Monitoring Requirements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Remediation Monitoring
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Performance Monitoring
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Compliance Monitoring
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Long-term Monitoring

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                11. Environmental Policy and Regulation