Phonetics and Phonology

  1. Cross-Linguistic Phonology
    1. Phonological Typology
      1. Consonant Inventories
        1. Size Variation
          1. Marked Segments
            1. Implicational Universals
            2. Vowel Systems
              1. System Size
                1. Vowel Quality Patterns
                  1. Symmetry Principles
                  2. Syllable Structure Types
                    1. CV Languages
                      1. Complex Onset Languages
                        1. Complex Coda Languages
                        2. Prosodic System Types
                          1. Stress Languages
                            1. Tone Languages
                              1. Pitch-Accent Languages
                            2. Phonological Universals
                              1. Absolute Universals
                                1. Statistical Universals
                                  1. Implicational Universals
                                    1. Markedness Theory
                                    2. Areal Phonology
                                      1. Phonological Areas
                                        1. Contact Effects
                                          1. Convergence Phenomena
                                            1. Substrate Influence

                                          Previous

                                          12. Historical Phonology

                                          Go to top

                                          Next

                                          14. Laboratory Phonology