Pharmacology

  1. Pharmacodynamics
    1. Principles of Drug Action
      1. Molecular Basis of Drug Action
        1. Drug-Target Interactions
          1. Selectivity and Specificity
            1. Structure-Activity Relationships
            2. Drug Targets
              1. Receptors
                1. Types of Receptors
                  1. Receptor Families
                    1. Receptor Distribution
                    2. Enzymes
                      1. Enzyme Inhibition
                        1. Enzyme Induction
                          1. Allosteric Modulation
                          2. Ion Channels
                            1. Voltage-Gated Channels
                              1. Ligand-Gated Channels
                                1. Mechanosensitive Channels
                                2. Transporters
                                  1. Uptake Transporters
                                    1. Efflux Transporters
                                      1. Transporter Inhibition
                                      2. Nucleic Acids
                                        1. DNA Interactions
                                          1. RNA Interactions
                                            1. Epigenetic Targets
                                          2. Receptor Theory
                                            1. Receptor Occupancy Theory
                                              1. Two-State Model
                                                1. Allosteric Modulation
                                                  1. Receptor Reserve
                                                  2. Types of Receptors
                                                    1. Ligand-Gated Ion Channels
                                                      1. Structure and Function
                                                        1. Examples and Clinical Relevance
                                                        2. G Protein-Coupled Receptors
                                                          1. Structure and Classification
                                                            1. Signal Transduction Mechanisms
                                                              1. Clinical Examples
                                                              2. Enzyme-Linked Receptors
                                                                1. Tyrosine Kinase Receptors
                                                                  1. Serine/Threonine Kinase Receptors
                                                                    1. Guanylyl Cyclase Receptors
                                                                    2. Nuclear Receptors
                                                                      1. Steroid Hormone Receptors
                                                                        1. Thyroid Hormone Receptors
                                                                          1. Retinoid Receptors
                                                                        2. Signal Transduction
                                                                          1. Second Messenger Systems
                                                                            1. Cyclic AMP Pathway
                                                                              1. Cyclic GMP Pathway
                                                                                1. Phospholipase C Pathway
                                                                                  1. Calcium Signaling
                                                                                  2. Protein Kinase Cascades
                                                                                    1. MAP Kinase Pathways
                                                                                      1. PI3K/Akt Pathway
                                                                                        1. JAK/STAT Pathway
                                                                                        2. Signal Amplification
                                                                                          1. Signal Termination
                                                                                          2. Dose-Response Relationships
                                                                                            1. Graded Dose-Response Curves
                                                                                              1. Potency
                                                                                                1. Efficacy
                                                                                                  1. Slope Factor
                                                                                                  2. Quantal Dose-Response Curves
                                                                                                    1. Effective Dose Values
                                                                                                      1. Toxic Dose Values
                                                                                                        1. Lethal Dose Values
                                                                                                        2. Therapeutic Index
                                                                                                          1. Calculation and Interpretation
                                                                                                            1. Safety Margin
                                                                                                              1. Clinical Significance
                                                                                                            2. Drug-Receptor Interactions
                                                                                                              1. Agonists
                                                                                                                1. Full Agonists
                                                                                                                  1. Partial Agonists
                                                                                                                    1. Inverse Agonists
                                                                                                                    2. Antagonists
                                                                                                                      1. Competitive Antagonists
                                                                                                                        1. Non-Competitive Antagonists
                                                                                                                          1. Uncompetitive Antagonists
                                                                                                                            1. Functional Antagonists
                                                                                                                            2. Allosteric Modulators
                                                                                                                              1. Positive Allosteric Modulators
                                                                                                                                1. Negative Allosteric Modulators
                                                                                                                                  1. Neutral Allosteric Ligands
                                                                                                                                2. Receptor Regulation
                                                                                                                                  1. Desensitization
                                                                                                                                    1. Homologous Desensitization
                                                                                                                                      1. Heterologous Desensitization
                                                                                                                                        1. Tachyphylaxis
                                                                                                                                        2. Down-Regulation
                                                                                                                                          1. Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                            1. Time Course
                                                                                                                                              1. Clinical Implications
                                                                                                                                              2. Up-Regulation
                                                                                                                                                1. Supersensitivity
                                                                                                                                                  1. Rebound Effects
                                                                                                                                                    1. Withdrawal Syndromes
                                                                                                                                                  2. Factors Affecting Drug Response
                                                                                                                                                    1. Patient Factors
                                                                                                                                                      1. Age
                                                                                                                                                        1. Gender
                                                                                                                                                          1. Genetics
                                                                                                                                                            1. Disease States
                                                                                                                                                              1. Pregnancy
                                                                                                                                                              2. Drug Factors
                                                                                                                                                                1. Formulation
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Route of Administration
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Timing of Administration
                                                                                                                                                                    2. Environmental Factors
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Diet
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Smoking
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Alcohol Consumption

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                                                                                                                                                                      2. Pharmacokinetics

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                                                                                                                                                                      4. Drug Development and Regulation