Mineral Economics

8.

Mineral Processing Economics

8.1.

Processing Plant Economics

8.1.1.

Capital Cost Estimation

8.1.2.

Operating Cost Analysis

8.1.3.

Plant Design Optimization

8.2.

Grade-Recovery Relationships

8.2.1.

Recovery Curves

8.2.2.

Economic Trade-offs

8.2.3.

Process Optimization

8.3.

Metallurgical Accounting

8.3.1.

8.3.2.

Recovery Calculations

8.3.3.

Loss Accounting

8.4.

By-product and Co-product Economics

8.4.1.

By-product Valuation

8.4.2.

Co-product Cost Allocation

8.4.3.

Revenue Attribution

8.5.

Processing Technology Selection

8.5.1.

Technology Comparison

8.5.2.

Economic Evaluation

8.5.3.

Risk Assessment

8.6.

Smelting and Refining Economics

8.6.1.

Smelter Contracts

8.6.1.1.

8.6.1.2.

Treatment Charges

8.6.1.3.

Refining Charges

8.6.1.4.

Penalties and Premiums

8.6.2.

Toll Processing

8.6.3.

Concentrate Marketing

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9. Mineral Markets and Commodity Pricing