Mineral Economics

2.

Mineral Resource and Reserve Estimation

2.1.

Definitions and Concepts

2.1.1.

Mineral Resources

2.1.1.1.

Inferred Resources

2.1.1.2.

Indicated Resources

2.1.1.3.

Measured Resources

2.1.2.

Mineral Reserves

2.1.2.1.

Probable Reserves

2.1.2.2.

Proven Reserves

2.1.3.

Grade and Tonnage

2.1.3.1.

Grade Estimation Methods

2.1.3.2.

Tonnage Calculation

2.1.3.3.

Statistical Analysis

2.1.4.

2.1.4.1.

Economic Cut-off

2.1.4.2.

Technical Cut-off

2.1.4.3.

Environmental Cut-off

2.2.

Classification Systems

2.2.1.

2.2.1.1.

Reporting Requirements

2.2.1.2.

Competent Person Concept

2.2.1.3.

Compliance Standards

2.2.2.

2.2.2.1.

Disclosure Standards

2.2.2.2.

Qualified Person Concept

2.2.2.3.

Technical Report Requirements

2.2.3.

SEC Regulation S-K 1300

2.2.3.1.

Reporting Standards

2.2.3.2.

Comparison with Other Codes

2.2.3.3.

Implementation Requirements

2.2.4.

2.2.5.

2.3.

Geostatistical Methods

2.3.1.

2.3.2.

Variogram Analysis

2.3.3.

Conditional Simulation

2.3.4.

Uncertainty Quantification

2.4.

Economic Factors in Reserve Estimation

2.4.1.

Commodity Prices

2.4.1.1.

Price Assumptions

2.4.1.2.

Price Forecasting

2.4.1.3.

Sensitivity to Price Changes

2.4.2.

Operating and Capital Costs

2.4.2.1.

Cost Estimation Techniques

2.4.2.2.

2.4.2.3.

Impact on Reserve Classification

2.4.3.

Metallurgical Recoveries

2.4.3.1.

Recovery Rate Estimation

2.4.3.2.

Process Optimization

2.4.3.3.

Impact on Economic Viability

2.4.4.

Legal and Environmental Constraints

2.4.4.1.

Permitting Requirements

2.4.4.2.

Environmental Impact Assessments

2.4.4.3.

Regulatory Compliance

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1. Introduction to Mineral Economics

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3. Economics of Mineral Exploration