Meteorology

  1. Atmospheric Energy and Heat Transfer
    1. Fundamental Concepts
      1. Energy Definitions
        1. Temperature vs Heat
          1. Internal Energy
            1. Sensible Heat
              1. Latent Heat
                1. Units and Conversions
                2. Heat Transfer Mechanisms
                  1. Conduction
                    1. Molecular Transfer
                      1. Thermal Conductivity
                        1. Importance in Surface Layers
                        2. Convection
                          1. Free Convection
                            1. Forced Convection
                              1. Atmospheric Convection Cells
                              2. Advection
                                1. Horizontal Heat Transport
                                  1. Warm and Cold Air Advection
                                  2. Radiation
                                    1. Electromagnetic Radiation
                                      1. Emission and Absorption
                                        1. Radiative Transfer
                                      2. Solar Radiation
                                        1. Solar Constant
                                          1. Electromagnetic Spectrum
                                            1. Ultraviolet Radiation
                                              1. Visible Light
                                                1. Infrared Radiation
                                                2. Radiation Laws
                                                  1. Stefan-Boltzmann Law
                                                    1. Wien's Displacement Law
                                                      1. Planck's Law
                                                        1. Kirchhoff's Law
                                                        2. Solar Radiation at Earth's Surface
                                                          1. Direct Radiation
                                                            1. Diffuse Radiation
                                                              1. Global Radiation
                                                            2. Earth's Energy Balance
                                                              1. Incoming Solar Radiation
                                                                1. Absorption Processes
                                                                  1. Reflection and Scattering
                                                                    1. Rayleigh Scattering
                                                                      1. Mie Scattering
                                                                      2. Albedo
                                                                        1. Surface Albedo Variations
                                                                          1. Planetary Albedo
                                                                          2. Greenhouse Effect
                                                                            1. Greenhouse Gases
                                                                              1. Natural Greenhouse Effect
                                                                                1. Enhanced Greenhouse Effect
                                                                                2. Outgoing Longwave Radiation
                                                                                  1. Energy Balance Equation
                                                                                  2. Earth-Sun Geometry
                                                                                    1. Earth's Orbital Characteristics
                                                                                      1. Earth's Rotation
                                                                                        1. Axial Tilt
                                                                                          1. Solstices and Equinoxes
                                                                                            1. Solar Declination
                                                                                              1. Day Length Variations
                                                                                                1. Solar Elevation Angle
                                                                                                2. Temperature Patterns
                                                                                                  1. Temperature Scales
                                                                                                    1. Celsius Scale
                                                                                                      1. Fahrenheit Scale
                                                                                                        1. Kelvin Scale
                                                                                                          1. Conversions
                                                                                                          2. Temperature Measurement
                                                                                                            1. Thermometer Types
                                                                                                              1. Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
                                                                                                                1. Electronic Sensors
                                                                                                                  1. Radiation Shields
                                                                                                                    1. Measurement Standards
                                                                                                                    2. Temperature Cycles
                                                                                                                      1. Diurnal Temperature Cycle
                                                                                                                        1. Annual Temperature Cycle
                                                                                                                          1. Temperature Lag
                                                                                                                          2. Temperature Controls
                                                                                                                            1. Latitude Effects
                                                                                                                              1. Land-Water Distribution
                                                                                                                                1. Continentality
                                                                                                                                  1. Maritime Influence
                                                                                                                                  2. Ocean Currents
                                                                                                                                    1. Elevation Effects
                                                                                                                                      1. Cloud Cover
                                                                                                                                        1. Urban Heat Island Effect
                                                                                                                                          1. Topographic Effects

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                                                                                                                                      2. The Earth's Atmosphere

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                                                                                                                                      4. Atmospheric Moisture