Meteorology

  1. Atmospheric Optics and Special Phenomena
    1. Light and Atmospheric Optics
      1. Light Properties
        1. Electromagnetic Spectrum
          1. Wavelength and Frequency
            1. Refraction and Reflection
            2. Atmospheric Effects on Light
              1. Scattering Processes
                1. Absorption
                  1. Refraction
                2. Rainbow Phenomena
                  1. Rainbow Formation
                    1. Light Refraction in Raindrops
                      1. Dispersion of Light
                      2. Primary Rainbow
                        1. Formation Mechanism
                          1. Color Sequence
                          2. Secondary Rainbow
                            1. Double Reflection
                              1. Reversed Colors
                              2. Supernumerary Rainbows
                                1. Rainbow Variations
                                2. Halo Phenomena
                                  1. Ice Crystal Optics
                                    1. Hexagonal Ice Crystals
                                      1. Crystal Orientations
                                      2. Common Halos
                                        1. 22-Degree Halo
                                          1. 46-Degree Halo
                                          2. Sun Dogs
                                            1. Parhelia Formation
                                              1. Appearance Characteristics
                                              2. Sun Pillars
                                                1. Light Pillar Formation
                                                  1. Crystal Requirements
                                                  2. Circumhorizontal Arc
                                                    1. Circumzenithal Arc
                                                    2. Corona and Glory
                                                      1. Corona Formation
                                                        1. Water Droplet Diffraction
                                                          1. Corona Characteristics
                                                          2. Glory Formation
                                                            1. Backscattering
                                                              1. Aircraft Observations
                                                              2. Iridescence
                                                                1. Cloud Iridescence
                                                                  1. Color Variations
                                                                2. Mirage Phenomena
                                                                  1. Mirage Formation
                                                                    1. Temperature Gradients
                                                                      1. Light Refraction
                                                                      2. Inferior Mirages
                                                                        1. Hot Surface Conditions
                                                                          1. Desert Mirages
                                                                          2. Superior Mirages
                                                                            1. Cold Surface Conditions
                                                                              1. Arctic Mirages
                                                                              2. Fata Morgana
                                                                                1. Complex Mirages
                                                                                  1. Layered Inversions
                                                                                2. Other Optical Phenomena
                                                                                  1. Green Flash
                                                                                    1. Sunset/Sunrise Phenomenon
                                                                                      1. Atmospheric Refraction
                                                                                      2. Crepuscular Rays
                                                                                        1. Sun Ray Formation
                                                                                          1. Shadow Effects
                                                                                          2. Noctilucent Clouds
                                                                                            1. High-Altitude Clouds
                                                                                              1. Twilight Visibility
                                                                                              2. Aurora
                                                                                                1. Solar Wind Interactions
                                                                                                  1. Magnetic Field Effects
                                                                                                    1. Aurora Types

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                                                                                                12. Applied Meteorology

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                                                                                                1. Introduction to Atmospheric Science