Mammalogy

  1. Reproduction and Life History
    1. Reproductive Cycles
      1. Estrous Cycles
        1. Phases of Estrous
          1. Proestrus
            1. Estrus
              1. Metestrus
                1. Diestrus
                2. Hormonal Regulation
                  1. FSH and LH
                    1. Estrogen and Progesterone
                  2. Menstrual Cycles
                    1. Occurrence in Primates
                      1. Differences from Estrous
                        1. Endometrial Changes
                      2. Mating Systems
                        1. Monogamy
                          1. Social Monogamy
                            1. Genetic Monogamy
                            2. Polygyny
                              1. Resource Defense
                                1. Female Defense
                                2. Polyandry
                                  1. Cooperative Polyandry
                                    1. Resource-Based Polyandry
                                    2. Promiscuity
                                      1. Scramble Competition
                                        1. Sperm Competition
                                        2. Mating Strategies and Sexual Selection
                                          1. Intrasexual Selection
                                            1. Intersexual Selection
                                              1. Sexual Dimorphism
                                            2. Fertilization and Gestation
                                              1. Monotreme Reproduction
                                                1. Oviparity
                                                  1. Egg Structure
                                                    1. Incubation
                                                      1. Hatching
                                                      2. Marsupial Reproduction
                                                        1. Short Gestation
                                                          1. Embryonic Diapause
                                                            1. Pouch Development
                                                              1. Altricial Young
                                                              2. Placental Reproduction
                                                                1. Long Gestation
                                                                  1. Placental Types
                                                                    1. Epitheliochorial
                                                                      1. Endotheliochorial
                                                                        1. Hemochorial
                                                                        2. Fetal Development
                                                                      2. Parturition
                                                                        1. Birth Process
                                                                          1. Labor Stages
                                                                            1. Hormonal Triggers
                                                                            2. Maternal Behavior at Birth
                                                                              1. Nest Preparation
                                                                                1. Cleaning and Stimulation
                                                                              2. Lactation and Parental Care
                                                                                1. Milk Composition
                                                                                  1. Nutritional Content
                                                                                    1. Proteins
                                                                                      1. Fats
                                                                                        1. Carbohydrates
                                                                                          1. Immunoglobulins
                                                                                          2. Species Variation
                                                                                            1. Aquatic vs Terrestrial
                                                                                              1. Altricial vs Precocial
                                                                                            2. Maternal Care
                                                                                              1. Nursing
                                                                                                1. Milk Transfer
                                                                                                  1. Nursing Frequency
                                                                                                  2. Protection
                                                                                                    1. Nest Defense
                                                                                                      1. Predator Avoidance
                                                                                                      2. Teaching
                                                                                                        1. Foraging Skills
                                                                                                          1. Social Behaviors
                                                                                                        2. Paternal Care
                                                                                                          1. Direct Care
                                                                                                            1. Indirect Care
                                                                                                              1. Territory Defense
                                                                                                              2. Alloparental Care
                                                                                                                1. Helpers at the Nest
                                                                                                                  1. Cooperative Breeding
                                                                                                                    1. Adoption
                                                                                                                  2. Growth and Development
                                                                                                                    1. Postnatal Development
                                                                                                                      1. Altricial vs Precocial Young
                                                                                                                        1. Developmental State at Birth
                                                                                                                          1. Growth Rates
                                                                                                                          2. Organ System Maturation
                                                                                                                            1. Behavioral Development
                                                                                                                            2. Weaning
                                                                                                                              1. Timing and Process
                                                                                                                                1. Nutritional Transition
                                                                                                                                  1. Behavioral Changes
                                                                                                                                  2. Sexual Maturation
                                                                                                                                    1. Puberty
                                                                                                                                      1. Hormonal Changes
                                                                                                                                        1. Physical Development
                                                                                                                                        2. Age at First Reproduction
                                                                                                                                          1. Reproductive Senescence
                                                                                                                                        3. Life History Strategies
                                                                                                                                          1. Fast Life Histories
                                                                                                                                            1. High Reproductive Rate
                                                                                                                                              1. Short Lifespan
                                                                                                                                                1. Early Maturation
                                                                                                                                                2. Slow Life Histories
                                                                                                                                                  1. Low Reproductive Rate
                                                                                                                                                    1. Long Lifespan
                                                                                                                                                      1. Late Maturation
                                                                                                                                                      2. Trade-offs
                                                                                                                                                        1. Reproduction vs Survival
                                                                                                                                                          1. Current vs Future Reproduction
                                                                                                                                                          2. Longevity
                                                                                                                                                            1. Maximum Lifespan
                                                                                                                                                              1. Factors Affecting Longevity
                                                                                                                                                              2. Senescence
                                                                                                                                                                1. Aging Processes
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Reproductive Decline

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                                                                                                                                                              3. Form and Function

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                                                                                                                                                              5. Mammalian Behavior