Health Economics (Healthcare Economics and Innovation)

  1. Government Intervention and Healthcare Systems
    1. Rationale for Government Intervention
      1. Market Failure Correction
        1. Externalities
          1. Public Goods
            1. Natural Monopolies
              1. Information Problems
              2. Equity and Access Goals
                1. Universal Coverage
                  1. Safety Net Programs
                    1. Health Disparities Reduction
                    2. Paternalistic Interventions
                      1. Merit Goods
                        1. Behavioral Interventions
                      2. Forms of Government Intervention
                        1. Direct Provision
                          1. Public Hospitals
                            1. Community Health Centers
                              1. Veterans Health Administration
                              2. Financing and Insurance
                                1. Public Insurance Programs
                                  1. Premium Subsidies
                                    1. Cost-Sharing Assistance
                                    2. Regulation
                                      1. Provider Licensing
                                        1. Insurance Regulation
                                          1. Quality Standards
                                            1. Price Regulation
                                            2. Mandates
                                              1. Individual Mandates
                                                1. Employer Mandates
                                                  1. Provider Mandates
                                                2. Comparative Health Systems
                                                  1. Healthcare System Typologies
                                                    1. Beveridge Model
                                                      1. National Health Service
                                                        1. Tax Financing
                                                          1. Government Provision
                                                          2. Bismarck Model
                                                            1. Social Insurance
                                                              1. Employer-Employee Contributions
                                                                1. Regulated Competition
                                                                2. National Health Insurance Model
                                                                  1. Single-Payer Systems
                                                                    1. Private Provision
                                                                    2. Out-of-Pocket Model
                                                                      1. Market-Based Systems
                                                                        1. Limited Government Role
                                                                      2. Country Case Studies
                                                                        1. United Kingdom
                                                                          1. NHS Structure
                                                                            1. Financing Mechanisms
                                                                              1. Performance Outcomes
                                                                              2. Germany
                                                                                1. Sickness Fund System
                                                                                  1. Dual Public-Private Structure
                                                                                  2. Canada
                                                                                    1. Provincial Health Systems
                                                                                      1. Single-Payer Model
                                                                                      2. United States
                                                                                        1. Multi-Payer System
                                                                                          1. Public-Private Mix
                                                                                          2. Switzerland
                                                                                            1. Regulated Insurance Market
                                                                                              1. Individual Mandates
                                                                                            2. International Performance Comparisons
                                                                                              1. Health Outcomes
                                                                                                1. Healthcare Spending
                                                                                                  1. System Efficiency
                                                                                                    1. Patient Satisfaction

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                                                                                                4. Health Insurance Markets and Design

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                                                                                                6. Economic Evaluation and Health Technology Assessment