Geomorphology

  1. Glacial and Periglacial Geomorphology
    1. Glacier Formation and Types
      1. Snow to Ice Transformation
        1. Snow Accumulation
          1. Firn Formation
            1. Ice Crystal Growth
            2. Glacier Classification
              1. Alpine Glaciers
                1. Valley Glaciers
                  1. Cirque Glaciers
                    1. Piedmont Glaciers
                      1. Ice Sheets
                        1. Ice Caps
                          1. Outlet Glaciers
                            1. Tidewater Glaciers
                          2. Glacier Dynamics
                            1. Mass Balance Processes
                              1. Accumulation Zone
                                1. Ablation Zone
                                  1. Equilibrium Line Altitude
                                    1. Mass Balance Calculations
                                    2. Glacier Movement Mechanisms
                                      1. Internal Deformation
                                        1. Basal Sliding
                                          1. Bed Deformation
                                            1. Glacier Surges
                                            2. Glacier Thermal Regimes
                                              1. Temperate Glaciers
                                                1. Polythermal Glaciers
                                                  1. Cold-Based Glaciers
                                                2. Glacial Erosion Processes
                                                  1. Erosion Mechanisms
                                                    1. Plucking
                                                      1. Abrasion
                                                        1. Subglacial Erosion
                                                          1. Meltwater Erosion
                                                          2. Alpine Glacial Landforms
                                                            1. Cirques
                                                              1. Arêtes
                                                                1. Horns
                                                                  1. U-Shaped Valleys
                                                                    1. Hanging Valleys
                                                                      1. Truncated Spurs
                                                                        1. Fjords
                                                                          1. Glacial Steps
                                                                          2. Continental Glacial Landforms
                                                                            1. Roche Moutonnée
                                                                              1. Crag and Tail
                                                                                1. Glacial Grooves
                                                                                  1. Striations
                                                                                    1. Whalebacks
                                                                                  2. Glacial Deposition
                                                                                    1. Glacial Sediments
                                                                                      1. Till Types
                                                                                        1. Lodgement Till
                                                                                          1. Ablation Till
                                                                                            1. Deformation Till
                                                                                            2. Glaciofluvial Sediments
                                                                                              1. Glaciolacustrine Sediments
                                                                                              2. Depositional Landforms
                                                                                                1. Moraines
                                                                                                  1. Lateral Moraines
                                                                                                    1. Medial Moraines
                                                                                                      1. Terminal Moraines
                                                                                                        1. Recessional Moraines
                                                                                                          1. Ground Moraines
                                                                                                          2. Streamlined Landforms
                                                                                                            1. Drumlins
                                                                                                              1. Fluted Moraines
                                                                                                              2. Ice-Contact Features
                                                                                                                1. Eskers
                                                                                                                  1. Kames
                                                                                                                    1. Kame Terraces
                                                                                                                    2. Outwash Features
                                                                                                                      1. Outwash Plains
                                                                                                                        1. Valley Trains
                                                                                                                          1. Kettle Lakes
                                                                                                                          2. Erratics
                                                                                                                        2. Periglacial Geomorphology
                                                                                                                          1. Permafrost Characteristics
                                                                                                                            1. Continuous Permafrost
                                                                                                                              1. Discontinuous Permafrost
                                                                                                                                1. Sporadic Permafrost
                                                                                                                                  1. Active Layer
                                                                                                                                    1. Talik
                                                                                                                                    2. Periglacial Processes
                                                                                                                                      1. Frost Action
                                                                                                                                        1. Frost Heaving
                                                                                                                                          1. Frost Thrusting
                                                                                                                                            1. Frost Cracking
                                                                                                                                            2. Ground Ice Formation
                                                                                                                                              1. Solifluction
                                                                                                                                                1. Gelifluction
                                                                                                                                                  1. Nivation
                                                                                                                                                  2. Periglacial Landforms
                                                                                                                                                    1. Patterned Ground
                                                                                                                                                      1. Sorted Polygons
                                                                                                                                                        1. Sorted Circles
                                                                                                                                                          1. Sorted Stripes
                                                                                                                                                            1. Non-Sorted Features
                                                                                                                                                            2. Ground Ice Features
                                                                                                                                                              1. Ice Wedges
                                                                                                                                                                1. Pingos
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Palsas
                                                                                                                                                                  2. Mass Wasting Features
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Solifluction Lobes
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Gelifluction Sheets
                                                                                                                                                                      2. Weathering Features
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Blockfields
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Tors
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Cryoplanation Terraces
                                                                                                                                                                            2. Thermokarst Features

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                                                                                                                                                                        5. Fluvial Geomorphology

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                                                                                                                                                                        7. Aeolian Geomorphology