Gene Regulation

  1. Prokaryotic Gene Regulation
    1. The Operon Model
      1. Operon Structure and Components
        1. Promoter Elements
          1. RNA Polymerase Binding Sites
            1. Promoter Strength Variations
              1. Consensus Sequences
              2. Operator Sequences
                1. Regulatory Protein Binding Sites
                  1. Operator Positioning
                  2. Structural Genes
                    1. Polycistronic mRNA Production
                      1. Coordinated Gene Expression
                    2. Regulatory Elements and Proteins
                      1. Repressor Proteins
                        1. DNA Binding Mechanisms
                          1. Allosteric Regulation
                            1. Negative Control Systems
                            2. Activator Proteins
                              1. Transcriptional Activation Mechanisms
                                1. Positive Control Systems
                                  1. Cooperative Binding
                              2. Negative Control Systems
                                1. The Lac Operon
                                  1. Lac Operon Structure
                                    1. LacZ Gene
                                      1. LacY Gene
                                        1. LacA Gene
                                        2. Lac Repressor System
                                          1. LacI Gene and Protein
                                            1. Operator Binding
                                              1. Transcriptional Inhibition
                                              2. Allolactose Induction
                                                1. Inducer Binding to Repressor
                                                  1. Conformational Changes
                                                    1. Operator Release
                                                  2. The Trp Operon
                                                    1. Trp Operon Structure
                                                      1. Tryptophan Biosynthesis Genes
                                                        1. Operon Organization
                                                        2. Trp Repressor System
                                                          1. TrpR Gene and Protein
                                                            1. Corepressor Requirement
                                                            2. Tryptophan as Corepressor
                                                              1. Repressor-Corepressor Complex
                                                                1. Enhanced DNA Binding
                                                                2. Attenuation Mechanism
                                                                  1. Leader Sequence Structure
                                                                    1. Ribosome Stalling
                                                                      1. RNA Secondary Structure Formation
                                                                        1. Transcription Termination Control
                                                                    2. Positive Control Systems
                                                                      1. Catabolite Repression
                                                                        1. Catabolite Activator Protein (CAP)
                                                                          1. CAP Binding Sites
                                                                            1. RNA Polymerase Recruitment
                                                                            2. Cyclic AMP System
                                                                              1. cAMP Synthesis and Regulation
                                                                                1. cAMP-CAP Complex Formation
                                                                                  1. Glucose Effects on cAMP Levels
                                                                                2. Global Regulatory Networks
                                                                                  1. Stress Response Systems
                                                                                    1. Heat Shock Response
                                                                                      1. Heat Shock Proteins
                                                                                        1. Sigma Factor Regulation
                                                                                          1. Temperature Sensing
                                                                                          2. SOS Response
                                                                                            1. DNA Damage Detection
                                                                                              1. RecA Protein Function
                                                                                                1. DNA Repair Gene Induction
                                                                                                2. Stringent Response
                                                                                                  1. ppGpp Synthesis
                                                                                                    1. Amino Acid Starvation Response
                                                                                                  2. Quorum Sensing
                                                                                                    1. Autoinducer Molecules
                                                                                                      1. Population Density Detection
                                                                                                        1. Collective Behavior Regulation
                                                                                                        2. Two-Component Regulatory Systems
                                                                                                          1. Sensor Kinases
                                                                                                            1. Response Regulators
                                                                                                              1. Phosphorylation Cascades

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                                                                                                          1. Introduction to Gene Regulation

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                                                                                                          3. Eukaryotic Chromatin and Epigenetic Regulation