Fiber Optic Communications

  1. Optical Fiber Structure and Materials
    1. Basic Fiber Architecture
      1. Core Region
        1. Function and Purpose
          1. Diameter Specifications
            1. Material Composition
              1. Refractive Index Profile
              2. Cladding Region
                1. Purpose and Function
                  1. Thickness Requirements
                    1. Material Properties
                      1. Refractive Index Relationship
                      2. Primary Coating
                        1. Protective Function
                          1. Material Types
                            1. Thickness Specifications
                              1. Mechanical Properties
                              2. Secondary Coating
                                1. Additional Protection
                                  1. Color Coding Systems
                                    1. Environmental Resistance
                                    2. Outer Jacket
                                      1. Environmental Protection
                                        1. Mechanical Strength
                                          1. Installation Considerations
                                        2. Fiber Materials
                                          1. Silica Glass Fibers
                                            1. Pure Silica Properties
                                              1. Doping Materials
                                                1. Germanium Doping
                                                  1. Phosphorus Doping
                                                    1. Boron Doping
                                                      1. Fluorine Doping
                                                        1. Material Purity Requirements
                                                        2. Plastic Optical Fibers
                                                          1. Polymer Materials
                                                            1. PMMA Fibers
                                                              1. Perfluorinated Polymer Fibers
                                                                1. Material Properties
                                                                  1. Application Limitations
                                                                  2. Specialty Fiber Materials
                                                                    1. Fluoride Glass Fibers
                                                                      1. Chalcogenide Glass Fibers
                                                                        1. Crystalline Fibers
                                                                      2. Refractive Index Profiles
                                                                        1. Step-Index Profile
                                                                          1. Uniform Core Index
                                                                            1. Sharp Index Boundary
                                                                              1. Light Ray Paths
                                                                              2. Graded-Index Profile
                                                                                1. Parabolic Index Variation
                                                                                  1. Continuous Index Change
                                                                                    1. Ray Path Focusing
                                                                                      1. Dispersion Reduction
                                                                                      2. Other Index Profiles
                                                                                        1. Triangular Profiles
                                                                                          1. W-Shaped Profiles
                                                                                            1. Segmented Core Profiles
                                                                                          2. Fiber Classification by Mode Propagation
                                                                                            1. Single-Mode Fibers
                                                                                              1. Core Diameter Range
                                                                                                1. Cutoff Wavelength
                                                                                                  1. Mode Field Diameter
                                                                                                    1. Transmission Characteristics
                                                                                                    2. Multi-Mode Fibers
                                                                                                      1. Core Diameter Range
                                                                                                        1. Numerical Aperture
                                                                                                          1. Bandwidth Limitations
                                                                                                        2. Standard Fiber Types
                                                                                                          1. ITU-T G.652 Standard Single-Mode Fiber
                                                                                                            1. Specifications
                                                                                                              1. Dispersion Characteristics
                                                                                                                1. Attenuation Properties
                                                                                                                2. ITU-T G.653 Dispersion-Shifted Fiber
                                                                                                                  1. Zero Dispersion Wavelength
                                                                                                                    1. Nonlinear Effects
                                                                                                                      1. WDM Limitations
                                                                                                                      2. ITU-T G.654 Cut-off Shifted Fiber
                                                                                                                        1. Large Effective Area
                                                                                                                          1. Low Attenuation
                                                                                                                            1. Long-Haul Applications
                                                                                                                            2. ITU-T G.655 Non-Zero Dispersion-Shifted Fiber
                                                                                                                              1. Dispersion Management
                                                                                                                                1. WDM Compatibility
                                                                                                                                  1. Nonlinear Effect Suppression
                                                                                                                                  2. ITU-T G.657 Bend-Insensitive Fiber
                                                                                                                                    1. Reduced Bending Losses
                                                                                                                                      1. Installation Flexibility
                                                                                                                                        1. Access Network Applications
                                                                                                                                      2. Fiber Manufacturing Processes
                                                                                                                                        1. Preform Fabrication
                                                                                                                                          1. Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition
                                                                                                                                            1. Outside Vapor Deposition
                                                                                                                                              1. Vapor-phase Axial Deposition
                                                                                                                                                1. Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition
                                                                                                                                                2. Preform Preparation
                                                                                                                                                  1. Consolidation Process
                                                                                                                                                    1. Dehydration Steps
                                                                                                                                                      1. Dopant Incorporation
                                                                                                                                                      2. Fiber Drawing Process
                                                                                                                                                        1. Draw Tower Operation
                                                                                                                                                          1. Temperature Control
                                                                                                                                                            1. Tension Control
                                                                                                                                                              1. Diameter Monitoring
                                                                                                                                                              2. Coating Application
                                                                                                                                                                1. UV-Curable Coatings
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Coating Concentricity
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Curing Process
                                                                                                                                                                    2. Quality Control
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Dimensional Measurements
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Optical Property Testing
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Mechanical Testing

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                                                                                                                                                                      2. Fundamentals of Light and Optical Physics

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                                                                                                                                                                      4. Signal Degradation Mechanisms