Fiber Optic Communications

  1. Multiplexing Technologies
    1. Wavelength Division Multiplexing
      1. WDM Principles
        1. Wavelength Channel Concept
          1. Channel Spacing
            1. Spectral Efficiency
            2. WDM System Components
              1. Wavelength Multiplexers
                1. Wavelength Demultiplexers
                  1. Optical Add-Drop Multiplexers
                  2. Channel Plan Standards
                    1. ITU-T Grid Specifications
                      1. Frequency Spacing
                        1. Wavelength Accuracy
                      2. Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing
                        1. CWDM Characteristics
                          1. Wide Channel Spacing
                            1. Uncooled Laser Operation
                              1. Cost Advantages
                              2. CWDM Applications
                                1. Metropolitan Networks
                                  1. Access Networks
                                    1. Enterprise Networks
                                  2. Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
                                    1. DWDM Characteristics
                                      1. Narrow Channel Spacing
                                        1. High Channel Count
                                          1. Precise Wavelength Control
                                          2. DWDM System Design
                                            1. Optical Amplification
                                              1. Dispersion Management
                                                1. Nonlinear Effect Control
                                                2. DWDM Applications
                                                  1. Long-Haul Networks
                                                    1. High-Capacity Systems
                                                      1. Submarine Systems
                                                    2. Time Division Multiplexing
                                                      1. TDM Principles
                                                        1. Time Slot Allocation
                                                          1. Synchronization Requirements
                                                            1. Frame Structure
                                                            2. Synchronous TDM
                                                              1. Fixed Time Slots
                                                                1. Constant Bit Rate
                                                                  1. Synchronization Hierarchy
                                                                  2. Asynchronous TDM
                                                                    1. Variable Time Slots
                                                                      1. Statistical Multiplexing
                                                                        1. Buffer Management
                                                                      2. Optical Time Division Multiplexing
                                                                        1. OTDM Principles
                                                                          1. Optical Pulse Interleaving
                                                                            1. Ultra-High Bit Rates
                                                                              1. Temporal Multiplexing
                                                                              2. OTDM Implementation
                                                                                1. Pulse Generation
                                                                                  1. Optical Switching
                                                                                    1. Clock Recovery
                                                                                    2. OTDM Challenges
                                                                                      1. Timing Precision
                                                                                        1. Pulse Distortion
                                                                                          1. Synchronization Complexity

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                                                                                      9. System Design and Analysis

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                                                                                      11. Fiber Optic Network Architectures