Ecosystem Ecology

  1. Disturbance and Succession
    1. Disturbance Ecology
      1. Disturbance Characteristics
        1. Frequency
          1. Intensity
            1. Extent
              1. Duration
                1. Predictability
                2. Natural Disturbances
                  1. Fire
                    1. Floods
                      1. Windstorms
                        1. Drought
                          1. Volcanic Activity
                            1. Earthquakes
                              1. Disease Outbreaks
                              2. Anthropogenic Disturbances
                                1. Land Use Change
                                  1. Pollution
                                    1. Habitat Fragmentation
                                      1. Species Introductions
                                        1. Climate Change
                                      2. Ecological Succession
                                        1. Types of Succession
                                          1. Primary Succession
                                            1. Secondary Succession
                                              1. Autogenic vs. Allogenic Succession
                                              2. Successional Mechanisms
                                                1. Facilitation
                                                  1. Inhibition
                                                    1. Tolerance
                                                      1. Neutral Models
                                                      2. Successional Patterns
                                                        1. Pioneer Species
                                                          1. Early Successional Species
                                                            1. Late Successional Species
                                                              1. Climax Communities
                                                              2. Factors Influencing Succession
                                                                1. Dispersal and Colonization
                                                                  1. Species Interactions
                                                                    1. Environmental Conditions
                                                                      1. Disturbance Regime
                                                                    2. Ecosystem Stability
                                                                      1. Stability Concepts
                                                                        1. Resistance
                                                                          1. Resilience
                                                                            1. Persistence
                                                                            2. Alternative Stable States
                                                                              1. Hysteresis
                                                                                1. Threshold Effects
                                                                                  1. Tipping Points
                                                                                  2. Factors Affecting Stability
                                                                                    1. Diversity-Stability Relationships
                                                                                      1. Connectivity
                                                                                        1. Spatial Heterogeneity

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                                                                                    4. Ecosystem Dynamics and Regulation

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                                                                                    6. Major Ecosystem Types