Business Management

7.

Functional Areas of Management

7.1.

Human Resource Management

7.1.1.

Strategic Human Resource Management

7.1.1.1.

HR Strategy Alignment

7.1.1.2.

Human Capital Planning

7.1.1.3.

Competitive Advantage Through People

7.1.2.

Human Resource Planning

7.1.2.1.

Workforce Analysis

7.1.2.1.1.

Current Workforce Assessment

7.1.2.1.2.

Future Workforce Needs

7.1.2.1.3.

7.1.2.2.

7.1.2.2.1.

Job Description Development

7.1.2.2.2.

Job Specification Creation

7.1.2.2.3.

Competency Modeling

7.1.2.3.

Workforce Forecasting

7.1.2.3.1.

Demand Forecasting

7.1.2.3.2.

Supply Forecasting

7.1.2.3.3.

Scenario Planning

7.1.3.

Recruitment and Selection

7.1.3.1.

Recruitment Process

7.1.3.1.1.

Recruitment Planning

7.1.3.1.2.

Recruitment Sources

7.1.3.1.2.1.

Internal Sources

7.1.3.1.2.2.

External Sources

7.1.3.1.2.3.

Online Recruitment

7.1.3.1.3.

Recruitment Methods

7.1.3.1.4.

Employer Branding

7.1.3.2.

Selection Process

7.1.3.2.1.

Application Screening

7.1.3.2.2.

Testing and Assessment

7.1.3.2.2.1.

7.1.3.2.2.2.

Personality Tests

7.1.3.2.2.3.

7.1.3.2.3.

7.1.3.2.3.1.

Interview Types

7.1.3.2.3.2.

Interview Techniques

7.1.3.2.3.3.

Behavioral Interviewing

7.1.3.2.4.

Background Verification

7.1.3.2.5.

Selection Decision

7.1.4.

Training and Development

7.1.4.1.

Training Needs Assessment

7.1.4.1.1.

Organizational Analysis

7.1.4.1.2.

7.1.4.1.3.

Person Analysis

7.1.4.2.

Training Design and Delivery

7.1.4.2.1.

Learning Objectives

7.1.4.2.2.

Training Methods

7.1.4.2.2.1.

On-the-Job Training

7.1.4.2.2.2.

Classroom Training

7.1.4.2.2.3.

7.1.4.2.2.4.

7.1.4.2.3.

Training Evaluation

7.1.4.3.

Employee Development

7.1.4.3.1.

Career Development

7.1.4.3.2.

Succession Planning

7.1.4.3.3.

Leadership Development

7.1.4.3.4.

Mentoring and Coaching

7.1.5.

Performance Management

7.1.5.1.

Performance Planning

7.1.5.1.1.

7.1.5.1.2.

Performance Standards

7.1.5.1.3.

Success Metrics

7.1.5.2.

Performance Monitoring

7.1.5.2.1.

Continuous Feedback

7.1.5.2.2.

Performance Tracking

7.1.5.2.3.

Progress Reviews

7.1.5.3.

Performance Appraisal

7.1.5.3.1.

Appraisal Methods

7.1.5.3.1.1.

7.1.5.3.1.2.

Behavioral Observation

7.1.5.3.1.3.

Management by Objectives

7.1.5.3.1.4.

360-Degree Feedback

7.1.5.3.2.

Appraisal Process

7.1.5.3.3.

Performance Documentation

7.1.5.4.

Performance Improvement

7.1.5.4.1.

Performance Coaching

7.1.5.4.2.

Development Planning

7.1.5.4.3.

Corrective Action

7.1.6.

Compensation and Benefits

7.1.6.1.

Compensation Philosophy

7.1.6.1.1.

7.1.6.1.2.

Market Positioning

7.1.6.1.3.

Internal Equity

7.1.6.2.

7.1.6.2.1.

7.1.6.2.2.

7.1.6.2.3.

Factor Comparison

7.1.6.3.

Pay Structure Design

7.1.6.3.1.

7.1.6.3.2.

7.1.6.3.3.

Pay Progression

7.1.6.4.

Incentive Systems

7.1.6.4.1.

Individual Incentives

7.1.6.4.2.

Team Incentives

7.1.6.4.3.

Organizational Incentives

7.1.6.5.

Benefits Administration

7.1.6.5.1.

Mandatory Benefits

7.1.6.5.2.

Voluntary Benefits

7.1.6.5.3.

Benefits Communication

7.1.7.

Employee Relations

7.1.7.1.

Employee Engagement

7.1.7.1.1.

Engagement Drivers

7.1.7.1.2.

Engagement Measurement

7.1.7.1.3.

Engagement Strategies

7.1.7.2.

Labor Relations

7.1.7.2.1.

Union Relations

7.1.7.2.2.

Collective Bargaining

7.1.7.2.3.

Grievance Handling

7.1.7.3.

Workplace Policies

7.1.7.3.1.

Policy Development

7.1.7.3.2.

Policy Communication

7.1.7.3.3.

Policy Enforcement

7.1.7.4.

Conflict Resolution

7.1.7.4.1.

7.1.7.4.2.

7.1.7.4.3.

Disciplinary Procedures

7.2.

Operations and Supply Chain Management

7.2.1.

Operations Management Fundamentals

7.2.1.1.

Operations Strategy

7.2.1.1.1.

Competitive Priorities

7.2.1.1.1.1.

7.2.1.1.1.2.

7.2.1.1.1.3.

7.2.1.1.1.4.

7.2.1.1.2.

Operations Decisions

7.2.1.1.3.

7.2.2.

Product and Service Design

7.2.2.1.

7.2.2.1.1.

Concept Development

7.2.2.1.2.

Product Development

7.2.2.1.3.

7.2.2.2.

Design for Manufacturing

7.2.2.3.

Service Design Principles

7.2.2.4.

Quality Function Deployment

7.2.3.

Process Management

7.2.3.1.

Process Analysis

7.2.3.1.1.

Process Mapping

7.2.3.1.2.

Value Stream Mapping

7.2.3.1.3.

Process Metrics

7.2.3.2.

7.2.3.2.1.

7.2.3.2.1.1.

7.2.3.2.1.2.

7.2.3.2.1.3.

7.2.3.2.1.4.

Continuous Process

7.2.3.2.2.

7.2.3.2.3.

Capacity Planning

7.2.3.3.

Process Improvement

7.2.3.3.1.

Lean Manufacturing

7.2.3.3.2.

7.2.3.3.3.

Continuous Improvement

7.2.4.

Supply Chain Management

7.2.4.1.

Supply Chain Strategy

7.2.4.1.1.

Supply Chain Design

7.2.4.1.2.

Supplier Selection

7.2.4.1.3.

Supply Chain Integration

7.2.4.2.

Procurement Management

7.2.4.2.1.

Sourcing Strategies

7.2.4.2.2.

Supplier Evaluation

7.2.4.2.3.

Contract Management

7.2.4.3.

Logistics Management

7.2.4.3.1.

Transportation Management

7.2.4.3.2.

7.2.4.3.3.

7.2.4.4.

Supply Chain Coordination

7.2.4.4.1.

Information Sharing

7.2.4.4.2.

Collaborative Planning

7.2.4.4.3.

Risk Management

7.2.5.

Inventory Management

7.2.5.1.

Inventory Types

7.2.5.1.1.

7.2.5.1.2.

Work-in-Process

7.2.5.1.3.

7.2.5.2.

Inventory Control Systems

7.2.5.2.1.

7.2.5.2.2.

Economic Order Quantity

7.2.5.2.3.

Reorder Point Systems

7.2.5.3.

Just-in-Time Systems

7.2.5.3.1.

7.2.5.3.2.

7.2.5.3.3.

Supplier Partnerships

7.2.6.

Quality Management

7.2.6.1.

Quality Planning

7.2.6.1.1.

Quality Objectives

7.2.6.1.2.

Quality Standards

7.2.6.1.3.

Quality Metrics

7.2.6.2.

Quality Control

7.2.6.2.1.

Statistical Process Control

7.2.6.2.2.

Inspection Systems

7.2.6.2.3.

Quality Testing

7.2.6.3.

Quality Assurance

7.2.6.3.1.

Quality Systems

7.2.6.3.2.

Process Documentation

7.2.6.3.3.

7.2.6.4.

Quality Improvement

7.2.6.4.1.

Problem-Solving Tools

7.2.6.4.2.

Root Cause Analysis

7.2.6.4.3.

Corrective Action

7.3.

Marketing Management

7.3.1.

Marketing Fundamentals

7.3.1.1.

Marketing Concept

7.3.1.1.1.

Customer Orientation

7.3.1.1.2.

Integrated Marketing

7.3.1.1.3.

Profit Orientation

7.3.1.2.

Marketing Environment

7.3.1.2.1.

Microenvironment

7.3.1.2.2.

Macroenvironment

7.3.1.2.3.

Environmental Scanning

7.3.2.

Market Research and Analysis

7.3.2.1.

Research Process

7.3.2.1.1.

Problem Definition

7.3.2.1.2.

Research Design

7.3.2.1.3.

Data Collection

7.3.2.1.4.

7.3.2.1.5.

Report Preparation

7.3.2.2.

Primary Research

7.3.2.2.1.

7.3.2.2.2.

7.3.2.2.3.

7.3.2.2.4.

7.3.2.3.

Secondary Research

7.3.2.3.1.

7.3.2.3.2.

7.3.2.3.3.

Online Databases

7.3.2.4.

Market Analysis

7.3.2.4.1.

7.3.2.4.2.

7.3.2.4.3.

7.3.2.4.4.

Competitive Analysis

7.3.3.

Consumer Behavior

7.3.3.1.

Consumer Decision Process

7.3.3.1.1.

Need Recognition

7.3.3.1.2.

Information Search

7.3.3.1.3.

Alternative Evaluation

7.3.3.1.4.

Purchase Decision

7.3.3.1.5.

Post-Purchase Behavior

7.3.3.2.

Factors Influencing Behavior

7.3.3.2.1.

Cultural Factors

7.3.3.2.2.

7.3.3.2.3.

Personal Factors

7.3.3.2.4.

Psychological Factors

7.3.4.

Market Segmentation and Targeting

7.3.4.1.

Segmentation Bases

7.3.4.1.1.

Geographic Segmentation

7.3.4.1.2.

Demographic Segmentation

7.3.4.1.3.

Psychographic Segmentation

7.3.4.1.4.

Behavioral Segmentation

7.3.4.2.

Target Market Selection

7.3.4.2.1.

Market Evaluation

7.3.4.2.2.

Targeting Strategies

7.3.4.2.2.1.

Undifferentiated Marketing

7.3.4.2.2.2.

Differentiated Marketing

7.3.4.2.2.3.

Concentrated Marketing

7.3.4.3.

7.3.4.3.1.

Positioning Strategies

7.3.4.3.2.

Positioning Maps

7.3.4.3.3.

Brand Positioning

7.3.5.

7.3.5.1.

7.3.5.1.1.

7.3.5.1.2.

Product Classification

7.3.5.1.3.

Product Life Cycle

7.3.5.1.3.1.

7.3.5.1.3.2.

7.3.5.1.3.3.

7.3.5.1.3.4.

7.3.5.1.4.

New Product Development

7.3.5.1.5.

Product Portfolio Management

7.3.5.2.

7.3.5.2.1.

Pricing Objectives

7.3.5.2.2.

Pricing Methods

7.3.5.2.2.1.

Cost-Based Pricing

7.3.5.2.2.2.

Competition-Based Pricing

7.3.5.2.2.3.

Value-Based Pricing

7.3.5.2.3.

Pricing Strategies

7.3.5.2.4.

Price Adjustments

7.3.5.3.

Place (Distribution)

7.3.5.3.1.

Distribution Channels

7.3.5.3.1.1.

Direct Channels

7.3.5.3.1.2.

Indirect Channels

7.3.5.3.1.3.

Multi-Channel Distribution

7.3.5.3.2.

Channel Management

7.3.5.3.3.

Physical Distribution

7.3.5.3.4.

Supply Chain Integration

7.3.5.4.

7.3.5.4.1.

7.3.5.4.1.1.

7.3.5.4.1.2.

Sales Promotion

7.3.5.4.1.3.

Personal Selling

7.3.5.4.1.4.

Public Relations

7.3.5.4.1.5.

Direct Marketing

7.3.5.4.2.

Integrated Marketing Communications

7.3.5.4.3.

Promotion Strategy

7.3.6.

Brand Management

7.3.6.1.

7.3.6.1.1.

Brand Awareness

7.3.6.1.2.

Brand Associations

7.3.6.1.3.

Perceived Quality

7.3.6.1.4.

7.3.6.2.

7.3.6.2.1.

Brand Positioning

7.3.6.2.2.

Brand Architecture

7.3.6.2.3.

Brand Extension

7.3.6.3.

7.3.6.3.1.

7.3.6.3.2.

Brand Communication

7.3.6.3.3.

Brand Experience

7.3.7.

Digital Marketing

7.3.7.1.

Online Marketing Channels

7.3.7.1.1.

Search Engine Marketing

7.3.7.1.2.

Social Media Marketing

7.3.7.1.3.

Email Marketing

7.3.7.1.4.

Content Marketing

7.3.7.2.

Digital Strategy

7.3.7.2.1.

Digital Transformation

7.3.7.2.2.

Customer Journey Mapping

7.3.7.2.3.

Marketing Automation

7.4.

Financial Management

7.4.1.

Financial Management Fundamentals

7.4.1.1.

Financial Objectives

7.4.1.1.1.

Profit Maximization

7.4.1.1.2.

Wealth Maximization

7.4.1.1.3.

Stakeholder Value

7.4.1.2.

Financial Functions

7.4.1.2.1.

Investment Decisions

7.4.1.2.2.

Financing Decisions

7.4.1.2.3.

Dividend Decisions

7.4.1.3.

Financial Environment

7.4.1.3.1.

Financial Markets

7.4.1.3.2.

Financial Institutions

7.4.1.3.3.

Regulatory Framework

7.4.2.

Financial Analysis and Planning

7.4.2.1.

Financial Statement Analysis

7.4.2.1.1.

Income Statement Analysis

7.4.2.1.2.

Balance Sheet Analysis

7.4.2.1.3.

Cash Flow Analysis

7.4.2.2.

7.4.2.2.1.

Liquidity Ratios

7.4.2.2.1.1.

7.4.2.2.1.2.

7.4.2.2.1.3.

7.4.2.2.2.

Activity Ratios

7.4.2.2.2.1.

Inventory Turnover

7.4.2.2.2.2.

Receivables Turnover

7.4.2.2.2.3.

7.4.2.2.3.

Leverage Ratios

7.4.2.2.3.1.

Debt-to-Equity Ratio

7.4.2.2.3.2.

Times Interest Earned

7.4.2.2.3.3.

Debt Service Coverage

7.4.2.2.4.

Profitability Ratios

7.4.2.2.4.1.

Gross Profit Margin

7.4.2.2.4.2.

Net Profit Margin

7.4.2.2.4.3.

Return on Assets

7.4.2.2.4.4.

Return on Equity

7.4.2.3.

Financial Forecasting

7.4.2.3.1.

Sales Forecasting

7.4.2.3.2.

Pro Forma Statements

7.4.2.3.3.

Cash Flow Forecasting

7.4.2.4.

Financial Planning

7.4.2.4.1.

Strategic Financial Planning

7.4.2.4.2.

Operational Financial Planning

7.4.2.4.3.

Contingency Planning

7.4.3.

Capital Budgeting

7.4.3.1.

Investment Evaluation Methods

7.4.3.1.1.

7.4.3.1.2.

Net Present Value

7.4.3.1.3.

Internal Rate of Return

7.4.3.1.4.

Profitability Index

7.4.3.2.

7.4.3.2.1.

Sensitivity Analysis

7.4.3.2.2.

Scenario Analysis

7.4.3.2.3.

Monte Carlo Simulation

7.4.3.3.

Capital Rationing

7.4.3.3.1.

Project Ranking

7.4.3.3.2.

Resource Allocation

7.4.4.

Working Capital Management

7.4.4.1.

Cash Management

7.4.4.1.1.

7.4.4.1.2.

Cash Collection

7.4.4.1.3.

Cash Disbursement

7.4.4.1.4.

Cash Investment

7.4.4.2.

Receivables Management

7.4.4.2.1.

7.4.4.2.2.

Credit Analysis

7.4.4.2.3.

Collection Procedures

7.4.4.3.

Inventory Management

7.4.4.3.1.

Inventory Planning

7.4.4.3.2.

Inventory Control

7.4.4.3.3.

Inventory Financing

7.4.4.4.

Payables Management

7.4.4.4.1.

Payment Policies

7.4.4.4.2.

Supplier Relations

7.4.4.4.3.

7.4.5.

Capital Structure and Financing

7.4.5.1.

Capital Structure Theory

7.4.5.1.1.

Modigliani-Miller Theory

7.4.5.1.2.

Trade-off Theory

7.4.5.1.3.

Pecking Order Theory

7.4.5.2.

Sources of Finance

7.4.5.2.1.

Equity Financing

7.4.5.2.1.1.

7.4.5.2.1.2.

Preferred Stock

7.4.5.2.1.3.

Retained Earnings

7.4.5.2.2.

7.4.5.2.2.1.

7.4.5.2.2.2.

7.4.5.2.2.3.

Commercial Paper

7.4.5.2.3.

Hybrid Financing

7.4.5.2.3.1.

Convertible Securities

7.4.5.2.3.2.

7.4.5.3.

Cost of Capital

7.4.5.3.1.

7.4.5.3.2.

7.4.5.3.3.

Weighted Average Cost of Capital

7.4.6.

Risk Management

7.4.6.1.

Types of Financial Risk

7.4.6.1.1.

7.4.6.1.2.

7.4.6.1.3.

7.4.6.1.4.

Operational Risk

7.4.6.2.

Risk Assessment

7.4.6.2.1.

Risk Identification

7.4.6.2.2.

Risk Measurement

7.4.6.2.3.

Risk Evaluation

7.4.6.3.

Risk Management Strategies

7.4.6.3.1.

7.4.6.3.2.

7.4.6.3.3.

7.4.6.3.4.

7.5.

Information Technology Management

7.5.1.

IT Strategy and Governance

7.5.1.1.

IT Strategic Planning

7.5.1.1.1.

IT Vision and Mission

7.5.1.1.2.

7.5.1.1.3.

IT Strategy Alignment

7.5.1.2.

7.5.1.2.1.

IT Decision Rights

7.5.1.2.2.

IT Performance Management

7.5.1.2.3.

IT Risk Management

7.5.1.3.

IT Investment Management

7.5.1.3.1.

IT Portfolio Management

7.5.1.3.2.

IT Value Assessment

7.5.1.3.3.

Return on IT Investment

7.5.2.

Information Systems Management

7.5.2.1.

Types of Information Systems

7.5.2.1.1.

Transaction Processing Systems

7.5.2.1.2.

Management Information Systems

7.5.2.1.3.

Decision Support Systems

7.5.2.1.4.

Executive Information Systems

7.5.2.1.5.

7.5.2.2.

System Development

7.5.2.2.1.

System Development Life Cycle

7.5.2.2.2.

System Analysis and Design

7.5.2.2.3.

System Implementation

7.5.2.2.4.

System Maintenance

7.5.2.3.

Database Management

7.5.2.3.1.

Database Design

7.5.2.3.2.

Data Administration

7.5.2.3.3.

Data Quality Management

7.5.3.

Technology Infrastructure Management

7.5.3.1.

Hardware Management

7.5.3.1.1.

Server Management

7.5.3.1.2.

Network Management

7.5.3.1.3.

End-User Computing

7.5.3.2.

Software Management

7.5.3.2.1.

Application Software

7.5.3.2.2.

System Software

7.5.3.2.3.

Software Licensing

7.5.3.3.

Cloud Computing

7.5.3.3.1.

Cloud Service Models

7.5.3.3.2.

Cloud Deployment Models

7.5.3.3.3.

Cloud Management

7.5.4.

Cybersecurity Management

7.5.4.1.

Security Threats

7.5.4.1.1.

External Threats

7.5.4.1.2.

Internal Threats

7.5.4.1.3.

Emerging Threats

7.5.4.2.

Security Controls

7.5.4.2.1.

Preventive Controls

7.5.4.2.2.

Detective Controls

7.5.4.2.3.

Corrective Controls

7.5.4.3.

Security Management

7.5.4.3.1.

Security Policies

7.5.4.3.2.

Security Procedures

7.5.4.3.3.

Security Training

7.5.4.3.4.

Incident Response

7.5.5.

Digital Transformation

7.5.5.1.

Digital Strategy

7.5.5.1.1.

7.5.5.1.2.

Digital Roadmap

7.5.5.1.3.

Change Management

7.5.5.2.

Emerging Technologies

7.5.5.2.1.

Artificial Intelligence

7.5.5.2.2.

Internet of Things

7.5.5.2.3.

7.5.5.2.4.

Robotic Process Automation

7.5.5.3.

Digital Business Models

7.5.5.3.1.

Platform Business Models

7.5.5.3.2.

Subscription Models

7.5.5.3.3.

Freemium Models

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