Animal Behavior

9.

Spatial Behavior and Movement

9.1.

Habitat Selection

9.1.1.

Habitat Assessment Mechanisms

9.1.2.

Ideal Free Distribution Model

9.1.3.

Ideal Despotic Distribution

9.1.4.

Habitat Preferences vs. Performance

9.1.5.

Competition Effects on Habitat Use

9.2.

9.2.1.

Territory Definition and Types

9.2.2.

Economic Defendability

9.2.3.

Territory Establishment

9.2.4.

Territory Size Determinants

9.2.5.

Territorial Marking and Signaling

9.2.6.

Territory Intrusion and Defense

9.3.

Home Range Behavior

9.3.1.

Home Range vs. Territory

9.3.2.

Home Range Size Factors

9.3.3.

Core Area Usage

9.3.4.

Temporal Patterns of Space Use

9.4.

9.4.1.

Natal Dispersal

9.4.1.1.

Causes of Dispersal

9.4.1.2.

Dispersal Distance Patterns

9.4.1.3.

Sex-Biased Dispersal

9.4.2.

Breeding Dispersal

9.4.2.1.

9.4.2.2.

Factors Influencing Site Changes

9.4.3.

Dispersal Costs and Benefits

9.4.4.

Population Consequences of Dispersal

9.5.

9.5.1.

Types of Migration

9.5.1.1.

Seasonal Migration

9.5.1.2.

Altitudinal Migration

9.5.1.3.

Nomadic Movements

9.5.2.

Migration Costs and Benefits

9.5.2.1.

Energetic Costs

9.5.2.2.

Predation Risks

9.5.2.3.

Resource Access Benefits

9.5.3.

Navigation and Orientation

9.5.3.1.

Compass Mechanisms

9.5.3.1.1.

9.5.3.1.2.

9.5.3.1.3.

Magnetic Compass

9.5.3.1.4.

Polarized Light Compass

9.5.3.2.

Map-Based Navigation

9.5.3.2.1.

Landmark Recognition

9.5.3.2.2.

9.5.3.2.3.

9.5.3.3.

Integration of Navigation Systems

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10. Animal Cognition