Animal Behavior

  1. Development of Behavior
    1. Genetic and Environmental Influences
      1. Genetic Predispositions
        1. Environmental Factors
          1. Gene-Environment Interactions
            1. Developmental Constraints
            2. Critical and Sensitive Periods
              1. Definition and Characteristics
                1. Timing Mechanisms
                  1. Species-Specific Examples
                    1. Consequences of Disruption
                    2. Imprinting Phenomena
                      1. Filial Imprinting
                        1. Mechanisms and Neural Basis
                          1. Timing and Duration
                            1. Adaptive Significance
                              1. Species Recognition
                              2. Sexual Imprinting
                                1. Mate Choice Programming
                                  1. Long-Term Behavioral Effects
                                    1. Cross-Fostering Studies
                                  2. Learning Processes
                                    1. Non-Associative Learning
                                      1. Habituation Mechanisms
                                        1. Sensitization Processes
                                          1. Adaptive Value
                                          2. Associative Learning
                                            1. Classical Conditioning
                                              1. Stimulus-Response Associations
                                                1. Temporal Relationships
                                                  1. Natural Applications
                                                  2. Operant Conditioning
                                                    1. Reinforcement Schedules
                                                      1. Punishment Effects
                                                        1. Shaping Procedures
                                                          1. Discrimination Learning
                                                        2. Social Learning
                                                          1. Observational Learning
                                                            1. Imitation Mechanisms
                                                              1. Teaching Behaviors
                                                                1. Cultural Transmission
                                                                2. Cognitive Learning
                                                                  1. Insight Learning
                                                                    1. Problem-Solving Abilities
                                                                      1. Latent Learning
                                                                        1. Learning Sets
                                                                      2. Play Behavior
                                                                        1. Types of Play
                                                                          1. Object Play
                                                                            1. Locomotor Play
                                                                              1. Social Play
                                                                                1. Rough-and-Tumble Play
                                                                                2. Functions of Play
                                                                                  1. Motor Skill Development
                                                                                    1. Social Skill Acquisition
                                                                                      1. Cognitive Development
                                                                                        1. Stress Reduction
                                                                                        2. Play Signals and Rules
                                                                                          1. Developmental Changes in Play