Agroforestry

  1. Management of Agroforestry Systems
    1. Tree and Shrub Management
      1. Pruning Techniques
        1. Timing and Frequency
          1. Seasonal Timing
            1. Growth Stage Considerations
              1. Pruning Cycles
              2. Tools and Methods
                1. Hand Tools
                  1. Power Tools
                    1. Safety Procedures
                    2. Pruning Objectives
                      1. Light Management
                        1. Shape Control
                          1. Health Maintenance
                            1. Product Quality
                          2. Thinning Practices
                            1. Objectives and Timing
                              1. Competition Reduction
                                1. Quality Improvement
                                  1. Harvest Scheduling
                                  2. Impact on System Productivity
                                    1. Growth Response
                                      1. Yield Changes
                                        1. Economic Returns
                                        2. Thinning Methods
                                          1. Selective Thinning
                                            1. Systematic Thinning
                                              1. Crown Thinning
                                            2. Coppicing and Pollarding
                                              1. Methods and Benefits
                                                1. Cutting Techniques
                                                  1. Regeneration Management
                                                    1. Sustainable Harvesting
                                                    2. Suitable Species
                                                      1. Coppicing Species
                                                        1. Pollarding Species
                                                          1. Growth Characteristics
                                                        2. Root Management
                                                          1. Root Pruning
                                                            1. Techniques
                                                              1. Timing
                                                                1. Equipment
                                                                2. Control of Root Competition
                                                                  1. Barrier Installation
                                                                    1. Selective Pruning
                                                                      1. Chemical Control
                                                                  2. Crop Management
                                                                    1. Tillage Practices
                                                                      1. Conservation Tillage
                                                                        1. Minimum Disturbance
                                                                          1. Residue Management
                                                                            1. Soil Protection
                                                                            2. Minimum Tillage
                                                                              1. Reduced Operations
                                                                                1. Equipment Modifications
                                                                                  1. Cost Savings
                                                                                  2. No-Till Systems
                                                                                    1. Direct Seeding
                                                                                      1. Herbicide Use
                                                                                        1. Soil Health Benefits
                                                                                      2. Planting Schedules
                                                                                        1. Crop Rotation
                                                                                          1. Rotation Sequences
                                                                                            1. Nutrient Management
                                                                                              1. Pest Management
                                                                                              2. Intercropping Patterns
                                                                                                1. Spatial Arrangements
                                                                                                  1. Temporal Patterns
                                                                                                    1. Species Combinations
                                                                                                  2. Harvesting Schedules
                                                                                                    1. Timing and Methods
                                                                                                      1. Maturity Indicators
                                                                                                        1. Weather Considerations
                                                                                                          1. Market Timing
                                                                                                          2. Post-Harvest Handling
                                                                                                            1. Processing
                                                                                                              1. Storage
                                                                                                                1. Marketing
                                                                                                              2. Weed Control Strategies
                                                                                                                1. Manual Methods
                                                                                                                  1. Hand Weeding
                                                                                                                    1. Cultivation
                                                                                                                      1. Labor Requirements
                                                                                                                      2. Mulching
                                                                                                                        1. Organic Mulches
                                                                                                                          1. Inorganic Mulches
                                                                                                                            1. Application Techniques
                                                                                                                            2. Cover Crops
                                                                                                                              1. Species Selection
                                                                                                                                1. Management Practices
                                                                                                                                  1. Termination Methods
                                                                                                                              2. Livestock Management
                                                                                                                                1. Rotational Grazing Systems
                                                                                                                                  1. Paddock Design
                                                                                                                                    1. Size Determination
                                                                                                                                      1. Fencing Requirements
                                                                                                                                        1. Water Distribution
                                                                                                                                        2. Grazing Intensity
                                                                                                                                          1. Stocking Rates
                                                                                                                                            1. Grazing Duration
                                                                                                                                              1. Rest Periods
                                                                                                                                              2. Seasonal Management
                                                                                                                                                1. Dry Season Strategies
                                                                                                                                                  1. Wet Season Management
                                                                                                                                                    1. Supplemental Feeding
                                                                                                                                                  2. Fodder Management and Supplementation
                                                                                                                                                    1. Seasonal Planning
                                                                                                                                                      1. Fodder Calendars
                                                                                                                                                        1. Deficit Periods
                                                                                                                                                          1. Surplus Management
                                                                                                                                                          2. Storage Techniques
                                                                                                                                                            1. Hay Making
                                                                                                                                                              1. Silage Production
                                                                                                                                                                1. Preservation Methods
                                                                                                                                                                2. Quality Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Nutritional Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Palatability Testing
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Digestibility Studies
                                                                                                                                                                    2. Health and Disease Management
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Preventive Measures
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Vaccination Programs
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Quarantine Procedures
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Biosecurity Measures
                                                                                                                                                                            2. Veterinary Care
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Regular Health Checks
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Treatment Protocols
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Record Keeping
                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Parasite Management
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Monitoring Programs
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Treatment Strategies
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Resistance Management
                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Soil and Water Management
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Mulching Practices
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Types of Mulch
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Organic Materials
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Inorganic Materials
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Living Mulches
                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Application Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Thickness Requirements
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Coverage Patterns
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Timing of Application
                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Benefits and Limitations
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Moisture Conservation
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Temperature Moderation
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Weed Suppression
                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Cover Cropping
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Species Selection
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Leguminous Covers
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Grass Covers
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Mixed Covers
                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Benefits for Soil Health
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Erosion Control
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Nutrient Addition
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Soil Structure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Management Practices
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Establishment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Termination
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Integration with Crops
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Integrated Nutrient Management
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Organic Amendments
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Compost Application
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Manure Management
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Green Manures
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Fertilizer Application
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Nutrient Requirements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Application Timing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Placement Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Nutrient Cycling
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Internal Cycling
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. External Inputs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Loss Prevention
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Water Harvesting Techniques
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Contour Bunds
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Design Principles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Construction Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Maintenance Requirements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Ponds and Reservoirs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Site Selection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Construction Techniques
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Water Quality Management
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Drip Irrigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. System Design
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Installation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Operation and Maintenance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Pest and Disease Management
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Integrated Pest Management
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Monitoring and Identification
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Pest Scouting
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Damage Assessment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Economic Thresholds
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Biological Controls
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Natural Enemies
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Microbial Agents
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Botanical Pesticides
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Cultural Practices
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Crop Rotation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Sanitation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Resistant Varieties
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Chemical Controls
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Selective Pesticides
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Application Timing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Resistance Management
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Role of Biodiversity in Pest Regulation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Habitat Management
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Beneficial Habitat
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Corridor Creation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Refuge Areas
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Encouraging Natural Enemies
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Predator Conservation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Parasitoid Enhancement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Pollinator Protection

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Previous

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              5. Design and Establishment of Agroforestry Systems

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Go to top

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Next

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              7. Products and Services from Agroforestry