Aerodynamics

9.

Subsonic and Transonic Aerodynamics

9.1.

Compressibility Effects in Subsonic Flow

9.1.1.

Prandtl-Glauert Transformation

9.1.2.

Compressibility Corrections

9.1.2.1.

Prandtl-Glauert Correction

9.1.2.2.

Karman-Tsien Correction

9.1.2.3.

Limitations and Validity

9.1.3.

Critical Mach Number

9.1.3.1.

Determination Methods

9.1.3.2.

Airfoil Shape Effects

9.2.

Transonic Flow Phenomena

9.2.1.

Mixed Subsonic-Supersonic Flow

9.2.2.

Local Supersonic Regions

9.2.3.

Shock Wave Formation

9.2.3.1.

9.2.3.2.

Shock-Boundary Layer Interaction

9.2.4.

Transonic Drag Rise

9.2.4.1.

Wave Drag Emergence

9.2.4.2.

Drag Divergence Mach Number

9.3.

Transonic Aerodynamic Problems

9.3.1.

Shock-Induced Separation

9.3.2.

Buffet Phenomena

9.3.3.

Shock-Stall Interaction

9.3.4.

9.3.4.1.

Physical Mechanism

9.3.4.2.

Control Implications

9.4.

The Sound Barrier

9.4.1.

Historical Context

9.4.2.

Physical Understanding

9.4.3.

Overcoming Transonic Difficulties

9.5.

Transonic Airfoil Design

9.5.1.

Supercritical Airfoils

9.5.1.1.

Design Philosophy

9.5.1.2.

9.5.1.3.

Performance Benefits

9.5.2.

Shock-Free Design

9.5.3.

Adaptive Wing Concepts

9.6.

9.6.1.

Whitcomb's Discovery

9.6.2.

Physical Principle

9.6.3.

Application to Aircraft Design

9.6.3.1.

Fuselage Shaping

9.6.3.2.

Wing-Body Integration

9.6.4.

Supersonic Area Rule

Previous

8. Compressible Flow Fundamentals

Go to top

Next

10. Supersonic and Hypersonic Aerodynamics