Aerodynamics

5.

Incompressible, Viscous Flow

5.1.

Viscous Flow Fundamentals

5.1.1.

5.1.2.

5.1.3.

Newton's Law of Viscosity

5.1.4.

No-Slip Condition

5.2.

The Boundary Layer Concept

5.2.1.

Boundary Layer Definition

5.2.2.

Prandtl's Boundary Layer Theory

5.2.3.

Boundary Layer Assumptions

5.2.4.

Inviscid Outer Flow

5.3.

Boundary Layer Equations

5.3.1.

Derivation from Navier-Stokes

5.3.2.

Simplifications

5.3.3.

Order of Magnitude Analysis

5.4.

Laminar Boundary Layer

5.4.1.

Flat Plate Boundary Layer

5.4.1.1.

Blasius Solution

5.4.1.2.

Velocity Profiles

5.4.1.3.

Boundary Layer Growth

5.4.2.

Boundary Layer Parameters

5.4.2.1.

Boundary Layer Thickness

5.4.2.2.

Displacement Thickness

5.4.2.3.

Momentum Thickness

5.4.2.4.

Energy Thickness

5.4.3.

Pressure Gradient Effects

5.4.3.1.

Favorable Pressure Gradient

5.4.3.2.

Adverse Pressure Gradient

5.5.

Turbulent Boundary Layer

5.5.1.

Transition to Turbulence

5.5.2.

Turbulent Flow Characteristics

5.5.3.

Time-Averaged Equations

5.5.4.

Velocity Profiles

5.5.4.1.

Law of the Wall

5.5.4.2.

Logarithmic Layer

5.5.4.3.

5.5.5.

Empirical Correlations

5.6.

Boundary Layer Separation

5.6.1.

Physical Mechanism

5.6.2.

Separation Criteria

5.6.3.

Effects of Separation

5.6.3.1.

5.6.3.2.

Pressure Recovery

5.6.4.

Control of Separation

5.6.4.1.

Boundary Layer Suction

5.6.4.2.

Boundary Layer Blowing

5.6.4.3.

Vortex Generators

5.7.

5.7.1.

Skin Friction Drag

5.7.1.1.

Calculation Methods

5.7.1.2.

Reynolds Number Dependence

5.7.2.

5.7.2.1.

5.7.2.2.

Flow Separation Effects

5.7.2.3.

5.7.3.

5.7.3.1.

Drag Coefficient

5.7.3.2.

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