Integral calculus | Measure theory | Multivariable calculus

Volume element

In mathematics, a volume element provides a means for integrating a function with respect to volume in various coordinate systems such as spherical coordinates and cylindrical coordinates. Thus a volume element is an expression of the form where the are the coordinates, so that the volume of any set can be computed by For example, in spherical coordinates , and so . The notion of a volume element is not limited to three dimensions: in two dimensions it is often known as the area element, and in this setting it is useful for doing surface integrals. Under changes of coordinates, the volume element changes by the absolute value of the Jacobian determinant of the coordinate transformation (by the change of variables formula). This fact allows volume elements to be defined as a kind of measure on a manifold. On an orientable differentiable manifold, a volume element typically arises from a volume form: a top degree differential form. On a non-orientable manifold, the volume element is typically the absolute value of a (locally defined) volume form: it defines a 1-density. (Wikipedia).

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Related pages

Linear subspace | Absolute value | Jacobian matrix and determinant | Differential form | Volume | Surface integral | Determinant | Differentiable manifold | Mathematics | Spherical coordinate system | Function (mathematics) | Density on a manifold | Diffeomorphism | Riemannian manifold | Euclidean space | Orientability | Integral | Manifold | Metric tensor | Integration by substitution | Volume form | Measure (mathematics) | Volume integral | Cylindrical coordinate system