Classification algorithms | Statistical classification

Statistical classification

In statistics, classification is the problem of identifying which of a set of categories (sub-populations) an observation (or observations) belongs to. Examples are assigning a given email to the "spam" or "non-spam" class, and assigning a diagnosis to a given patient based on observed characteristics of the patient (sex, blood pressure, presence or absence of certain symptoms, etc.). Often, the individual observations are analyzed into a set of quantifiable properties, known variously as explanatory variables or features. These properties may variously be categorical (e.g. "A", "B", "AB" or "O", for blood type), ordinal (e.g. "large", "medium" or "small"), integer-valued (e.g. the number of occurrences of a particular word in an email) or real-valued (e.g. a measurement of blood pressure). Other classifiers work by comparing observations to previous observations by means of a similarity or distance function. An algorithm that implements classification, especially in a concrete implementation, is known as a classifier. The term "classifier" sometimes also refers to the mathematical function, implemented by a classification algorithm, that maps input data to a category. Terminology across fields is quite varied. In statistics, where classification is often done with logistic regression or a similar procedure, the properties of observations are termed explanatory variables (or independent variables, regressors, etc.), and the categories to be predicted are known as outcomes, which are considered to be possible values of the dependent variable. In machine learning, the observations are often known as instances, the explanatory variables are termed features (grouped into a feature vector), and the possible categories to be predicted are classes. Other fields may use different terminology: e.g. in community ecology, the term "classification" normally refers to cluster analysis. (Wikipedia).

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From playlist Unit 1: Descriptive Statistics

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From playlist Learning medical statistics with python and Jupyter notebooks

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From playlist Unit 1: Descriptive Statistics

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From playlist Probability Theory

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From playlist Statistics (Full Length Videos)

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From playlist Forming Variables for Statistics & Statistical Software (WK 2 - QBA 237)

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From playlist Unit 1: Descriptive Statistics

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From playlist Unit 1: Descriptive Statistics

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Get a Free Trial: https://goo.gl/C2Y9A5 Get Pricing Info: https://goo.gl/kDvGHt Ready to Buy: https://goo.gl/vsIeA5 Develop predictive models for classifying data. For more videos, visit http://www.mathworks.com/products/statistics/examples.html

From playlist Math, Statistics, and Optimization

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From playlist Machine Learning

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Related pages

Logistic regression | Ordinal data | Regression analysis | Linear classifier | Linear function | Receiver operating characteristic | Statistics | Parsing | Cluster analysis | Probability | Dot product | Discrete choice | Markov chain Monte Carlo | Multivariate normal distribution | Probabilistic classification | Parse tree | No free lunch in search and optimization | Statistical inference | Binary data | Linear predictor function | Multiclass classification | Function (mathematics) | Integer | Real number | Binary classification | Mahalanobis distance | Linear combination | Perceptron | Uncertainty coefficient | Algorithm | Utility | Data mining