Wood Science and Technology

  1. Mechanical Properties of Wood
    1. Fundamental Concepts
      1. Stress and Strain
        1. Normal Stress
          1. Shear Stress
            1. Strain Types
              1. Stress-Strain Relationships
              2. Elasticity Theory
                1. Hooke's Law
                  1. Elastic Constants
                    1. Poisson's Ratio
                    2. Plasticity and Failure
                      1. Yield Point
                        1. Ultimate Strength
                          1. Failure Modes
                        2. Orthotropic Nature of Wood
                          1. Principal Axes
                            1. Longitudinal Direction
                              1. Radial Direction
                                1. Tangential Direction
                                2. Elastic Constants
                                  1. Moduli of Elasticity
                                    1. Shear Moduli
                                      1. Poisson's Ratios
                                      2. Strength Ratios
                                        1. L:R:T Strength Relationships
                                      3. Static Strength Properties
                                        1. Bending Properties
                                          1. Modulus of Rupture
                                            1. Modulus of Elasticity in Bending
                                              1. Proportional Limit
                                                1. Work to Maximum Load
                                                2. Compression Properties
                                                  1. Compression Parallel to Grain
                                                    1. Compression Perpendicular to Grain
                                                      1. Elastic Limit
                                                        1. Maximum Crushing Strength
                                                        2. Tension Properties
                                                          1. Tension Parallel to Grain
                                                            1. Tension Perpendicular to Grain
                                                              1. Modulus of Elasticity in Tension
                                                              2. Shear Properties
                                                                1. Shear Parallel to Grain
                                                                  1. Rolling Shear
                                                                    1. Shear Modulus
                                                                    2. Hardness
                                                                      1. Janka Hardness
                                                                        1. End Hardness
                                                                          1. Side Hardness
                                                                            1. Brinell Hardness
                                                                            2. Toughness
                                                                              1. Impact Bending
                                                                                1. Work to Maximum Load
                                                                                  1. Work to Proportional Limit
                                                                                2. Dynamic Properties
                                                                                  1. Fatigue Behavior
                                                                                    1. Cyclic Loading Effects
                                                                                      1. Fatigue Life
                                                                                        1. S-N Curves
                                                                                        2. Creep Behavior
                                                                                          1. Time-Dependent Deformation
                                                                                            1. Creep Mechanisms
                                                                                              1. Long-term Loading Effects
                                                                                              2. Vibration Properties
                                                                                                1. Damping Characteristics
                                                                                                  1. Natural Frequencies
                                                                                                2. Factors Affecting Mechanical Properties
                                                                                                  1. Moisture Content Effects
                                                                                                    1. Strength-Moisture Relationships
                                                                                                      1. Adjustment Factors
                                                                                                      2. Temperature Effects
                                                                                                        1. High Temperature Effects
                                                                                                          1. Low Temperature Effects
                                                                                                            1. Thermal Cycling
                                                                                                            2. Density Relationships
                                                                                                              1. Strength-Density Correlations
                                                                                                                1. Specific Strength
                                                                                                                2. Grain Angle Effects
                                                                                                                  1. Hankinson's Formula
                                                                                                                    1. Slope of Grain
                                                                                                                    2. Defects and Irregularities
                                                                                                                      1. Knots
                                                                                                                        1. Knot Types
                                                                                                                          1. Strength Reduction Factors
                                                                                                                          2. Slope of Grain
                                                                                                                            1. Compression Wood
                                                                                                                              1. Tension Wood
                                                                                                                                1. Checks and Splits
                                                                                                                                2. Loading Rate Effects
                                                                                                                                  1. Static vs Dynamic Loading
                                                                                                                                    1. Impact Loading
                                                                                                                                    2. Size Effects
                                                                                                                                      1. Volume Effects
                                                                                                                                        1. Length Effects
                                                                                                                                      2. Mechanical Testing
                                                                                                                                        1. Standard Test Methods
                                                                                                                                          1. ASTM Standards
                                                                                                                                            1. ISO Standards
                                                                                                                                              1. Small Clear Specimen Testing
                                                                                                                                                1. Structural Size Testing
                                                                                                                                                2. Test Specimen Preparation
                                                                                                                                                  1. Moisture Conditioning
                                                                                                                                                    1. Defect-Free Selection
                                                                                                                                                      1. Grain Orientation
                                                                                                                                                      2. Testing Equipment
                                                                                                                                                        1. Universal Testing Machines
                                                                                                                                                          1. Load Cells
                                                                                                                                                            1. Extensometers
                                                                                                                                                              1. Environmental Chambers
                                                                                                                                                              2. Non-Destructive Evaluation
                                                                                                                                                                1. Stress Wave Timing
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Ultrasonic Testing
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Vibration Testing
                                                                                                                                                                      1. X-ray Densitometry
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Machine Stress Rating

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                                                                                                                                                                    5. Physical Properties of Wood

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                                                                                                                                                                    7. Wood Deterioration and Protection