Vascular Biology

  1. Vascular Development and Differentiation
    1. Primary Vascular Development
      1. Apical Meristem Organization
        1. Shoot Apical Meristem
          1. Zonation Patterns
            1. Cell Division Patterns
              1. Stem Cell Maintenance
              2. Root Apical Meristem
                1. Zonation Patterns
                  1. Cell Division Patterns
                    1. Stem Cell Maintenance
                  2. Procambium Formation
                    1. Origin from Ground Meristem
                      1. Procambial Strand Development
                        1. Cell Division Patterns
                          1. Differentiation Signals
                          2. Primary Xylem Development
                            1. Protoxylem Formation
                              1. Early Differentiation
                                1. Extensible Cell Walls
                                  1. Annular and Spiral Thickenings
                                  2. Metaxylem Formation
                                    1. Later Differentiation
                                      1. Rigid Cell Walls
                                        1. Pitted and Reticulate Thickenings
                                      2. Primary Phloem Development
                                        1. Protophloem Formation
                                          1. Early Differentiation
                                            1. Narrow Sieve Elements
                                              1. Short Functional Life
                                              2. Metaphloem Formation
                                                1. Later Differentiation
                                                  1. Wider Sieve Elements
                                                    1. Longer Functional Life
                                                2. Secondary Vascular Development
                                                  1. Vascular Cambium Formation
                                                    1. Fascicular Cambium
                                                      1. Interfascicular Cambium
                                                        1. Cambial Ring Completion
                                                        2. Cambial Cell Types
                                                          1. Fusiform Initials
                                                            1. Axial Cell Production
                                                              1. Cell Division Patterns
                                                                1. Seasonal Activity
                                                                2. Ray Initials
                                                                  1. Radial Cell Production
                                                                    1. Ray Formation
                                                                      1. Ray Continuity
                                                                    2. Secondary Xylem Formation
                                                                      1. Wood Development
                                                                        1. Seasonal Growth Patterns
                                                                          1. Cell Differentiation Sequences
                                                                          2. Secondary Phloem Formation
                                                                            1. Inner Bark Development
                                                                              1. Functional Lifespan
                                                                                1. Seasonal Variations
                                                                                2. Periderm Development
                                                                                  1. Cork Cambium Formation
                                                                                    1. Cork Production
                                                                                      1. Phelloderm Formation
                                                                                        1. Bark Formation

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                                                                                    3. Phloem Structure and Function

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                                                                                    5. Vascular Tissue Organization