Vascular Biology

  1. Xylem Structure and Function
    1. Primary Functions
      1. Water Conduction
        1. Mineral Transport
          1. Mechanical Support
            1. Storage
            2. Tracheary Elements
              1. Tracheids
                1. Cell Structure
                  1. Wall Characteristics
                    1. Pit Structure
                      1. Distribution in Plant Groups
                        1. Evolutionary Significance
                        2. Vessel Elements
                          1. Cell Structure
                            1. Perforation Plates
                              1. Simple Perforations
                                1. Compound Perforations
                                  1. Scalariform Perforations
                                  2. End Wall Modifications
                                    1. Distribution in Angiosperms
                                      1. Evolutionary Advantages
                                    2. Non-Conducting Xylem Cells
                                      1. Xylem Parenchyma
                                        1. Axial Parenchyma
                                          1. Ray Parenchyma
                                            1. Storage Functions
                                              1. Metabolic Functions
                                                1. Lateral Transport
                                                2. Xylem Fibers
                                                  1. Fiber-Tracheids
                                                    1. Libriform Fibers
                                                      1. Mechanical Support Function
                                                        1. Wall Structure
                                                      2. Cell Wall Structure and Composition
                                                        1. Primary Cell Walls
                                                          1. Cellulose Framework
                                                            1. Hemicellulose Matrix
                                                              1. Pectin Components
                                                              2. Secondary Cell Walls
                                                                1. Cellulose Microfibrils
                                                                  1. Lignin Deposition
                                                                    1. Wall Layers
                                                                    2. Lignification Process
                                                                      1. Lignin Biosynthesis
                                                                        1. Deposition Patterns
                                                                          1. Functional Significance
                                                                          2. Pit Structure and Function
                                                                            1. Simple Pits
                                                                              1. Bordered Pits
                                                                                1. Pit Membranes
                                                                                  1. Torus-Margo Structure
                                                                                    1. Water Movement Regulation

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                                                                                1. Introduction to Vascular Biology

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                                                                                3. Phloem Structure and Function