Plant Pathology

  1. Plant-Pathogen Interactions
    1. How Pathogens Attack Plants
      1. Mechanical Forces
        1. Penetration Structures
          1. Appressoria
            1. Haustoria
          2. Chemical Weapons
            1. Enzymes
              1. Cell Wall-Degrading Enzymes
                1. Proteases and Lipases
                2. Toxins
                  1. Host-Specific Toxins
                    1. Non-Specific Toxins
                    2. Growth Regulators
                      1. Effectors
                    3. How Plants Defend Against Pathogens
                      1. Pre-existing Defenses
                        1. Structural Barriers
                          1. Cuticle
                            1. Bark
                              1. Trichomes
                              2. Chemical Compounds
                                1. Antimicrobial Compounds
                                  1. Phenolics and Alkaloids
                                2. Induced Defenses
                                  1. Hypersensitive Response
                                    1. Systemic Acquired Resistance
                                      1. Induced Systemic Resistance
                                        1. Phytoalexins
                                          1. Cell Wall Reinforcement
                                        2. Genetics of Plant-Pathogen Interactions
                                          1. The Gene-for-Gene Concept
                                            1. Avirulence Genes
                                              1. Resistance Genes
                                                1. The Guard Hypothesis
                                                  1. Horizontal Resistance
                                                    1. Vertical Resistance
                                                      1. Co-evolution of Plants and Pathogens

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                                                    5. Pathogenesis and Disease Cycles

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                                                    7. Plant Disease Epidemiology