Plant Pathology

  1. Biotic Causes of Plant Disease
    1. Fungi and Fungal-like Organisms
      1. General Characteristics of Phytopathogenic Fungi
        1. Structure and Morphology
          1. Reproduction
            1. Sexual Reproduction
              1. Asexual Reproduction
              2. Life Cycles
              3. Major Fungal Groups
                1. Ascomycota
                  1. Key Features
                    1. Common Plant Pathogens
                    2. Basidiomycota
                      1. Key Features
                        1. Common Plant Pathogens
                        2. Zygomycota
                          1. Key Features
                            1. Common Plant Pathogens
                          2. Oomycetes
                            1. Distinctions from True Fungi
                              1. Major Genera
                                1. Phytophthora
                                  1. Pythium
                                  2. Life Cycle and Pathogenicity
                                2. Prokaryotic Pathogens
                                  1. Phytopathogenic Bacteria
                                    1. General Characteristics
                                      1. Cell Structure
                                        1. Reproduction and Growth
                                        2. Modes of Infection and Spread
                                          1. Entry Points
                                            1. Wounds
                                              1. Natural Openings
                                              2. Dissemination Mechanisms
                                              3. Major Genera
                                                1. Pseudomonas
                                                  1. Xanthomonas
                                                    1. Erwinia
                                                  2. Phytoplasmas and Spiroplasmas
                                                    1. Characteristics
                                                      1. Lack of Cell Wall
                                                        1. Morphology and Physiology
                                                        2. Vector Transmission
                                                          1. Insect Vectors
                                                            1. Leafhoppers
                                                              1. Planthoppers
                                                              2. Disease Examples
                                                          2. Viruses and Viroids
                                                            1. Nature of Plant Viruses
                                                              1. Structure
                                                                1. Capsid
                                                                  1. Genome
                                                                  2. Types of Genomes
                                                                    1. RNA Viruses
                                                                      1. DNA Viruses
                                                                    2. Structure and Replication
                                                                      1. Replication Cycles
                                                                        1. Movement within Plants
                                                                        2. Transmission of Viruses
                                                                          1. Mechanical Transmission
                                                                            1. Vector Transmission
                                                                              1. Insect Vectors
                                                                                1. Nematode Vectors
                                                                                  1. Fungal Vectors
                                                                                  2. Seed and Pollen Transmission
                                                                                  3. Viroids
                                                                                    1. Structure and Pathogenicity
                                                                                      1. Differences from Viruses
                                                                                        1. Disease Mechanisms
                                                                                      2. Plant-Parasitic Nematodes
                                                                                        1. General Morphology and Biology
                                                                                          1. Body Structure
                                                                                            1. Life Cycle
                                                                                            2. Feeding Habits
                                                                                              1. Ectoparasites
                                                                                                1. Endoparasites
                                                                                                2. Major Genera
                                                                                                  1. Root-knot Nematodes
                                                                                                    1. Cyst Nematodes
                                                                                                      1. Lesion Nematodes
                                                                                                      2. Symptoms and Damage
                                                                                                      3. Parasitic Higher Plants
                                                                                                        1. Holoparasites
                                                                                                          1. Characteristics
                                                                                                          2. Hemiparasites
                                                                                                            1. Characteristics
                                                                                                            2. Mechanisms of Parasitism
                                                                                                              1. Haustoria Formation
                                                                                                                1. Host Range

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                                                                                                            2. Fundamental Concepts of Plant Disease

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                                                                                                            4. Abiotic Disorders