Ornithology

  1. Avian Behavior and Ethology
    1. Communication Systems
      1. Vocal Communication
        1. Song versus Call Distinctions
          1. Syrinx Structure and Function
            1. Sound Production Mechanisms
              1. Song Learning Processes
                1. Critical Learning Periods
                  1. Tutor Influence
                    1. Dialect Formation
                    2. Vocal Functions
                      1. Territory Defense
                        1. Mate Attraction
                          1. Alarm Signaling
                            1. Contact Maintenance
                          2. Non-vocal Communication
                            1. Mechanical Sounds
                              1. Drumming Behaviors
                                1. Wing Sounds
                                2. Visual Displays
                                  1. Courtship Displays
                                    1. Aggressive Postures
                                      1. Submissive Behaviors
                                      2. Plumage Signaling
                                        1. Sexual Selection
                                          1. Status Indicators
                                            1. Species Recognition
                                        2. Foraging Behavior and Feeding Ecology
                                          1. Dietary Specializations
                                            1. Insectivory
                                              1. Frugivory
                                                1. Granivory
                                                  1. Carnivory
                                                    1. Piscivory
                                                      1. Nectarivory
                                                      2. Foraging Strategies
                                                        1. Gleaning Techniques
                                                          1. Probing Methods
                                                            1. Aerial Hawking
                                                              1. Pursuit Diving
                                                                1. Scavenging Behavior
                                                                2. Food Storage Behaviors
                                                                  1. Caching Types
                                                                    1. Memory and Retrieval
                                                                      1. Spatial Memory
                                                                    2. Social Behavior
                                                                      1. Group Living
                                                                        1. Flocking Benefits
                                                                          1. Foraging Efficiency
                                                                            1. Predator Detection
                                                                              1. Information Transfer
                                                                              2. Flocking Costs
                                                                                1. Resource Competition
                                                                                  1. Disease Transmission
                                                                                    1. Interference
                                                                                  2. Territorial Behavior
                                                                                    1. Territory Establishment
                                                                                      1. Territory Defense
                                                                                        1. Territory Size Factors
                                                                                          1. Interspecific Territoriality
                                                                                          2. Roosting Behavior
                                                                                            1. Communal Roosting
                                                                                              1. Roost Site Selection
                                                                                                1. Thermoregulatory Benefits
                                                                                              2. Reproductive Behavior
                                                                                                1. Mating Systems
                                                                                                  1. Monogamy Types
                                                                                                    1. Social Monogamy
                                                                                                      1. Genetic Monogamy
                                                                                                      2. Polygyny
                                                                                                        1. Polyandry
                                                                                                          1. Promiscuity
                                                                                                          2. Courtship and Mate Selection
                                                                                                            1. Courtship Displays
                                                                                                              1. Sexual Selection Mechanisms
                                                                                                                1. Mate Choice Criteria
                                                                                                                  1. Lekking Behavior
                                                                                                                  2. Nesting Behavior
                                                                                                                    1. Nest Site Selection
                                                                                                                      1. Nest Construction
                                                                                                                        1. Nest Types
                                                                                                                          1. Open Cup Nests
                                                                                                                            1. Cavity Nests
                                                                                                                              1. Platform Nests
                                                                                                                                1. Scrape Nests
                                                                                                                                2. Brood Parasitism
                                                                                                                                  1. Obligate Brood Parasites
                                                                                                                                    1. Host-Parasite Interactions
                                                                                                                                  2. Parental Care
                                                                                                                                    1. Incubation Behavior
                                                                                                                                      1. Chick Feeding
                                                                                                                                        1. Brooding Behavior
                                                                                                                                          1. Fledgling Care
                                                                                                                                            1. Cooperative Breeding

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                                                                                                                                        4. Flight and Locomotion

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                                                                                                                                        6. Avian Ecology