Operating Systems

  1. Storage Management
    1. File System Concepts
      1. File Fundamentals
        1. File Definition
          1. File Attributes
            1. Name
              1. Identifier
                1. Type
                  1. Location
                    1. Size
                      1. Protection
                        1. Time Stamps
                        2. File Operations
                          1. Create
                            1. Delete
                              1. Open
                                1. Close
                                  1. Read
                                    1. Write
                                      1. Reposition
                                      2. File Types
                                        1. Regular Files
                                          1. Directory Files
                                            1. Special Files
                                          2. File Access Methods
                                            1. Sequential Access
                                              1. Direct Access
                                                1. Indexed Sequential Access
                                                  1. Access Method Comparison
                                                  2. Directory Structure
                                                    1. Single-Level Directory
                                                      1. Two-Level Directory
                                                        1. Tree-Structured Directory
                                                          1. Acyclic Graph Directory
                                                            1. General Graph Directory
                                                            2. File System Mounting
                                                              1. Mount Point Concept
                                                                1. Mount Operation
                                                                  1. Unmount Operation
                                                                    1. Remote File System Mounting
                                                                    2. File Sharing and Protection
                                                                      1. Multi-User File Sharing
                                                                        1. File Locking Mechanisms
                                                                          1. Access Control Lists
                                                                            1. File Permissions
                                                                          2. File System Implementation
                                                                            1. File System Structure
                                                                              1. Layered File System
                                                                                1. Boot Control Block
                                                                                  1. Volume Control Block
                                                                                    1. Directory Structure
                                                                                      1. File Control Block
                                                                                      2. File Allocation Methods
                                                                                        1. Contiguous Allocation
                                                                                          1. Allocation Strategy
                                                                                            1. External Fragmentation
                                                                                              1. File Extension Problems
                                                                                              2. Linked Allocation
                                                                                                1. Linked List Structure
                                                                                                  1. File Allocation Table
                                                                                                    1. Random Access Limitations
                                                                                                    2. Indexed Allocation
                                                                                                      1. Index Block Structure
                                                                                                        1. Multi-Level Indexing
                                                                                                          1. Combined Schemes
                                                                                                        2. Free Space Management
                                                                                                          1. Bit Vector Method
                                                                                                            1. Linked List Method
                                                                                                              1. Grouping Method
                                                                                                                1. Counting Method
                                                                                                                2. Directory Implementation
                                                                                                                  1. Linear List Implementation
                                                                                                                    1. Hash Table Implementation
                                                                                                                      1. B-Tree Implementation
                                                                                                                      2. File System Performance
                                                                                                                        1. Buffer Cache
                                                                                                                          1. Read-Ahead
                                                                                                                            1. Write-Behind
                                                                                                                              1. Synchronous vs Asynchronous I/O
                                                                                                                            2. Mass Storage Structure
                                                                                                                              1. Storage Device Types
                                                                                                                                1. Magnetic Disk Drives
                                                                                                                                  1. Disk Structure
                                                                                                                                    1. Disk Performance
                                                                                                                                      1. Disk Reliability
                                                                                                                                      2. Solid State Drives
                                                                                                                                        1. Flash Memory Technology
                                                                                                                                          1. SSD Performance
                                                                                                                                            1. Wear Leveling
                                                                                                                                            2. Optical Storage
                                                                                                                                              1. CD Technology
                                                                                                                                                1. DVD Technology
                                                                                                                                                  1. Blu-ray Technology
                                                                                                                                                2. Disk Attachment Methods
                                                                                                                                                  1. Host-Attached Storage
                                                                                                                                                    1. Network-Attached Storage
                                                                                                                                                      1. Storage Area Networks
                                                                                                                                                      2. Disk Scheduling
                                                                                                                                                        1. FCFS Scheduling
                                                                                                                                                          1. SSTF Scheduling
                                                                                                                                                            1. SCAN Algorithm
                                                                                                                                                              1. C-SCAN Algorithm
                                                                                                                                                                1. LOOK Algorithm
                                                                                                                                                                  1. C-LOOK Algorithm
                                                                                                                                                                  2. Disk Management
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Low-Level Formatting
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Partitioning
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Logical Formatting
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Boot Block Management
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Bad Block Handling
                                                                                                                                                                          2. RAID Technology
                                                                                                                                                                            1. RAID Fundamentals
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Redundancy Concepts
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Performance Improvement
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Reliability Enhancement
                                                                                                                                                                                  2. RAID Levels
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. RAID 0
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Striping Without Parity
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Performance Benefits
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Reliability Concerns
                                                                                                                                                                                          2. RAID 1
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Disk Mirroring
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Fault Tolerance
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Performance Characteristics
                                                                                                                                                                                                2. RAID 5
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Striping with Parity
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Distributed Parity
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Single Disk Failure Recovery
                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. RAID 6
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Double Parity Protection
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Multiple Disk Failure Recovery
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Performance Trade-offs
                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. RAID 10
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Mirrored Stripes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Combined Benefits
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Cost Considerations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. RAID Implementation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Hardware RAID
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Software RAID
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Hybrid RAID Solutions

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                  8. I/O Systems