Neuromotor Control

  1. Sensory Systems for Motor Control
    1. Visual System
      1. Anatomical Pathways
        1. Retina
          1. Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
            1. Visual Cortex
            2. Dorsal Stream
              1. Parietal Cortex
                1. Vision for Action
                  1. Spatial Processing
                    1. Motion Detection
                    2. Ventral Stream
                      1. Temporal Cortex
                        1. Vision for Perception
                          1. Object Recognition
                          2. Optic Flow
                            1. Self-Motion Perception
                              1. Heading Direction
                                1. Time to Contact
                                2. Visual Feedback in Movement
                                  1. Online Control
                                    1. Offline Control
                                      1. Visual Perturbations
                                    2. Proprioceptive System
                                      1. Muscle Spindles
                                        1. Intrafusal Fibers
                                          1. Primary Endings
                                            1. Secondary Endings
                                              1. Length and Velocity Sensing
                                              2. Golgi Tendon Organs
                                                1. Force Sensing
                                                  1. Tendon Location
                                                    1. Ib Afferents
                                                    2. Joint Receptors
                                                      1. Ruffini Endings
                                                        1. Pacinian Corpuscles
                                                          1. Position Sensing
                                                          2. Cutaneous Mechanoreceptors
                                                            1. Touch and Pressure
                                                              1. Movement Detection
                                                              2. Central Processing
                                                                1. Proprioceptive Pathways
                                                                  1. Cortical Integration
                                                                    1. Position Sense
                                                                      1. Kinesthesia
                                                                    2. Vestibular System
                                                                      1. Peripheral Organs
                                                                        1. Semicircular Canals
                                                                          1. Horizontal Canal
                                                                            1. Anterior Canal
                                                                              1. Posterior Canal
                                                                                1. Angular Acceleration Detection
                                                                                2. Otolith Organs
                                                                                  1. Utricle
                                                                                    1. Saccule
                                                                                      1. Linear Acceleration Detection
                                                                                        1. Gravity Sensing
                                                                                      2. Central Processing
                                                                                        1. Vestibular Nuclei
                                                                                          1. Vestibular Pathways
                                                                                          2. Vestibular Reflexes
                                                                                            1. Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex
                                                                                              1. Gaze Stabilization
                                                                                                1. Compensatory Eye Movements
                                                                                                2. Vestibulo-Spinal Reflexes
                                                                                                  1. Postural Responses
                                                                                                    1. Balance Maintenance
                                                                                                3. Multisensory Integration
                                                                                                  1. Sensory Fusion
                                                                                                    1. Weighted Combination
                                                                                                      1. Reliability-Based Weighting
                                                                                                      2. Sensory Reweighting
                                                                                                        1. Dynamic Adaptation
                                                                                                          1. Context-Dependent Changes
                                                                                                          2. Reference Frames
                                                                                                            1. Body-Centered Coordinates
                                                                                                              1. World-Centered Coordinates
                                                                                                                1. Coordinate Transformations
                                                                                                                2. Sensory Conflicts
                                                                                                                  1. Motion Sickness
                                                                                                                    1. Adaptation Mechanisms
                                                                                                                      1. Recalibration

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                                                                                                                  3. Control System Principles

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                                                                                                                  5. Motor Learning and Plasticity