Memory Management

  1. Advanced Memory Management Topics
    1. Kernel Memory Allocation
      1. Requirements for Kernel Memory
        1. Contiguous Memory Needs
          1. Small Object Allocation
            1. Frequent Allocation/Deallocation
            2. Buddy System
              1. Binary Buddy Algorithm
                1. Operation and Efficiency
                  1. Fragmentation Characteristics
                    1. Coalescing Process
                    2. Slab Allocation
                      1. Caching of Kernel Objects
                        1. Slab Layers
                          1. Cache Layer
                            1. Slab Layer
                              1. Page Layer
                              2. Object Lifecycle Management
                                1. Memory Overhead Reduction
                              3. Memory-Mapped Files
                                1. Concept and Use Cases
                                  1. File I/O Optimization
                                    1. Shared Memory Implementation
                                    2. Implementation Details
                                      1. Virtual Memory Integration
                                        1. Page Fault Handling
                                        2. Benefits and Limitations
                                          1. Performance Advantages
                                            1. Memory Usage Considerations
                                          2. Shared Memory
                                            1. Mechanisms for Shared Memory
                                              1. System V Shared Memory
                                                1. POSIX Shared Memory
                                                2. Inter-Process Communication (IPC)
                                                  1. Synchronization Issues
                                                    1. Race Conditions
                                                      1. Critical Sections
                                                      2. Security Considerations
                                                        1. Access Control
                                                          1. Memory Protection
                                                        2. Implementation Strategies
                                                        3. Copy-on-Write (COW)
                                                          1. Concept and Motivation
                                                            1. Implementation in Fork Operations
                                                              1. Page Table Sharing
                                                                1. Write Protection
                                                                  1. Fault Handling
                                                                  2. Performance Benefits
                                                                    1. Memory Savings
                                                                      1. Process Creation Speed
                                                                      2. Applications Beyond Fork
                                                                      3. Memory Management in Specific Architectures
                                                                        1. 32-bit vs 64-bit Systems
                                                                          1. Address Space Differences
                                                                            1. Impact on Memory Management
                                                                              1. Page Table Sizes
                                                                                1. Virtual Address Layout
                                                                                2. Compatibility Considerations
                                                                                3. Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA)
                                                                                  1. NUMA Architecture Overview
                                                                                    1. Memory Access Latency
                                                                                      1. Local vs Remote Access
                                                                                        1. Bandwidth Considerations
                                                                                        2. NUMA-Aware Memory Allocation
                                                                                          1. Node-Local Allocation
                                                                                            1. Memory Migration
                                                                                              1. Load Balancing
                                                                                          2. Security Considerations in Memory Management
                                                                                            1. Buffer Overflows
                                                                                              1. Stack-Based Overflows
                                                                                                1. Heap-Based Overflows
                                                                                                  1. Prevention Techniques
                                                                                                  2. Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR)
                                                                                                    1. Randomization Techniques
                                                                                                      1. Security Benefits
                                                                                                        1. Performance Impact
                                                                                                        2. Memory Isolation Techniques
                                                                                                          1. Hardware-Assisted Isolation
                                                                                                            1. Software-Based Protection
                                                                                                              1. Hypervisor-Level Isolation
                                                                                                              2. Memory Encryption
                                                                                                                1. Hardware Memory Encryption
                                                                                                                  1. Key Management
                                                                                                                  2. Control Flow Integrity
                                                                                                                    1. Return Address Protection
                                                                                                                      1. Indirect Branch Protection

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                                                                                                                  6. Virtual Memory

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                                                                                                                  1. Fundamentals of Memory Management