Internal Combustion Engines

  1. Core Engine Components and Systems
    1. Engine Block and Cylinder Assembly
      1. Engine Block Structure
        1. Cast Iron vs Aluminum Construction
          1. Cylinder Sleeve Types
            1. Crankcase Design
            2. Cylinder Configuration
              1. Cylinder Number and Arrangement
                1. Firing Order
                2. Cylinder Geometry
                  1. Bore Diameter
                    1. Stroke Length
                      1. Bore-to-Stroke Ratio Effects
                      2. Engine Displacement
                        1. Calculation Methods
                          1. Relationship to Power Output
                          2. Compression Ratio
                            1. Definition and Calculation
                              1. Effects on Performance and Efficiency
                                1. Clearance Volume Impact
                              2. Piston and Connecting Rod Assembly
                                1. Piston Design and Function
                                  1. Materials and Construction
                                    1. Crown Shapes and Effects
                                      1. Skirt Design
                                      2. Piston Rings
                                        1. Compression Rings
                                          1. Sealing Function
                                            1. Ring Types and Materials
                                            2. Oil Control Rings
                                              1. Oil Scraping Function
                                                1. Ring Design Variations
                                                2. Ring Installation and Gaps
                                                3. Wrist Pin Assembly
                                                  1. Pin Design and Materials
                                                    1. Bushing Types
                                                      1. Installation Methods
                                                      2. Connecting Rod
                                                        1. Structure and Materials
                                                          1. Big End and Small End Design
                                                            1. Rod Length Effects
                                                              1. Bearing Interface
                                                            2. Crankshaft and Rotating Assembly
                                                              1. Crankshaft Design
                                                                1. Forged vs Cast Construction
                                                                  1. Journal and Throw Configuration
                                                                    1. Counterweight Design
                                                                      1. Dynamic Balancing
                                                                      2. Main Bearings
                                                                        1. Bearing Types and Materials
                                                                          1. Lubrication Requirements
                                                                            1. Clearance Specifications
                                                                            2. Connecting Rod Bearings
                                                                              1. Bearing Design
                                                                                1. Load Distribution
                                                                                  1. Wear Patterns
                                                                                  2. Flywheel Assembly
                                                                                    1. Energy Storage Function
                                                                                      1. Inertia Effects
                                                                                        1. Ring Gear Integration
                                                                                      2. Valvetrain System
                                                                                        1. Camshaft Design and Operation
                                                                                          1. Cam Profile Design
                                                                                            1. Timing and Phasing
                                                                                              1. Drive Mechanisms
                                                                                                1. Chain Drive
                                                                                                  1. Belt Drive
                                                                                                    1. Gear Drive
                                                                                                  2. Valve Assembly
                                                                                                    1. Intake Valves
                                                                                                      1. Design and Materials
                                                                                                        1. Flow Characteristics
                                                                                                        2. Exhaust Valves
                                                                                                          1. Design and Materials
                                                                                                            1. Heat Resistance Requirements
                                                                                                            2. Valve Seats and Guides
                                                                                                            3. Valve Actuation Components
                                                                                                              1. Valve Springs
                                                                                                                1. Spring Rate and Preload
                                                                                                                  1. Coil Bind Prevention
                                                                                                                  2. Valve Retainers and Keepers
                                                                                                                    1. Lifters and Tappets
                                                                                                                      1. Solid Lifters
                                                                                                                        1. Hydraulic Lifters
                                                                                                                        2. Pushrods
                                                                                                                          1. Design and Materials
                                                                                                                            1. Length Considerations
                                                                                                                            2. Rocker Arms
                                                                                                                              1. Ratio Effects
                                                                                                                                1. Pivot Types
                                                                                                                            3. Cylinder Head Assembly
                                                                                                                              1. Cylinder Head Construction
                                                                                                                                1. Materials and Design
                                                                                                                                  1. Port Configuration
                                                                                                                                    1. Combustion Chamber Design
                                                                                                                                    2. Intake System Integration
                                                                                                                                      1. Intake Port Design
                                                                                                                                        1. Runner Length and Diameter
                                                                                                                                          1. Plenum Design
                                                                                                                                          2. Exhaust System Integration
                                                                                                                                            1. Exhaust Port Design
                                                                                                                                              1. Heat Management
                                                                                                                                              2. Head Gasket
                                                                                                                                                1. Sealing Requirements
                                                                                                                                                  1. Material Types
                                                                                                                                                    1. Failure Modes and Prevention

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                                                                                                                                                1. Introduction to Internal Combustion Engines

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                                                                                                                                                3. Thermodynamic Principles and Engine Cycles