Gene Editing

  1. The CRISPR-Cas System
    1. Discovery and Natural Function
      1. Bacterial and Archaeal Adaptive Immunity
        1. Immune System Components
          1. Evolutionary Significance
          2. CRISPR Loci Structure
            1. Repeat-Spacer Arrays
              1. Cas Gene Clusters
                1. PAM Sequences
                2. Natural CRISPR Mechanism
                  1. Spacer Acquisition
                    1. crRNA Processing
                      1. Target Recognition and Cleavage
                      2. Key Discoveries and Researchers
                        1. Initial Observations
                          1. Mechanistic Studies
                            1. Adaptation for Gene Editing
                          2. CRISPR System Classification
                            1. Class 1 vs. Class 2 Systems
                              1. Type I Systems
                                1. Type II Systems
                                  1. Cas9-based Systems
                                  2. Type III Systems
                                    1. Type V Systems
                                      1. Cas12 Family
                                      2. Type VI Systems
                                        1. Cas13 Family
                                      3. Advantages over Previous Technologies
                                        1. Simplicity of Design
                                          1. RNA-guided Recognition
                                            1. Reduced Protein Engineering
                                            2. Programmability
                                              1. Easy Retargeting
                                                1. Rapid Prototyping
                                                2. Multiplexing Capability
                                                  1. Multiple Targets Simultaneously
                                                    1. Complex Editing Strategies
                                                    2. Cost and Accessibility
                                                      1. Reduced Development Time
                                                        1. Democratization of Gene Editing
                                                        2. Versatility
                                                          1. Multiple Applications
                                                            1. Diverse Organisms

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                                                        3. Major Gene Editing Technologies

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                                                        5. The CRISPR-Cas9 System in Detail