Evolutionary Biology

  1. Adaptation and Behavior
    1. The Nature of Adaptation
      1. Defining Adaptation
        1. Current Utility vs. Historical Origin
        2. Exaptation
          1. Feathers and Flight
            1. Other Examples
            2. Constraints on Evolution
              1. Historical Constraints
                1. Phylogenetic Inertia
                2. Genetic Constraints
                  1. Lack of Variation
                    1. Genetic Correlations
                    2. Developmental Constraints
                      1. Developmental Pathways
                      2. Physical and Chemical Constraints
                        1. Laws of Physics
                          1. Material Properties
                        2. Trade-offs in Adaptation
                          1. Allocation Trade-offs
                            1. Functional Trade-offs
                            2. Optimality Theory
                              1. Cost-Benefit Analysis
                                1. Limitations
                              2. Sexual Selection
                                1. Darwin's Theory of Sexual Selection
                                  1. Intrasexual Selection
                                    1. Male-Male Competition
                                      1. Weapons and Ornaments
                                      2. Female-Female Competition
                                        1. Sperm Competition
                                        2. Intersexual Selection
                                          1. Mate Choice
                                            1. Sensory Bias
                                            2. Mechanisms of Mate Choice
                                              1. The "Good Genes" Hypothesis
                                                1. The "Runaway" Selection Hypothesis
                                                  1. Direct Benefits
                                                    1. Genetic Compatibility
                                                    2. Sexual Dimorphism
                                                      1. Size Dimorphism
                                                        1. Ornamental Dimorphism
                                                          1. Behavioral Dimorphism
                                                          2. Sexual Conflict
                                                            1. Interlocus Sexual Conflict
                                                              1. Intralocus Sexual Conflict
                                                            2. Evolution of Behavior
                                                              1. Innate vs. Learned Behaviors
                                                                1. Genetic Basis of Behavior
                                                                  1. Environmental Influences
                                                                  2. Social Behavior
                                                                    1. Altruism and Cooperation
                                                                      1. Kin Selection
                                                                        1. Hamilton's Rule
                                                                          1. Reciprocal Altruism
                                                                            1. Group Selection
                                                                            2. Eusociality
                                                                              1. Haplodiploidy Hypothesis
                                                                                1. Examples in Nature
                                                                              2. Game Theory and Evolution
                                                                                1. Evolutionary Stable Strategies
                                                                                  1. Hawk-Dove Game
                                                                                    1. Prisoner's Dilemma
                                                                                      1. Tit-for-Tat Strategy
                                                                                      2. Communication
                                                                                        1. Signal Evolution
                                                                                          1. Honest Signaling
                                                                                            1. Deception
                                                                                            2. Foraging Behavior
                                                                                              1. Optimal Foraging Theory
                                                                                                1. Risk-Sensitive Foraging
                                                                                              2. Life History Evolution
                                                                                                1. Life History Traits
                                                                                                  1. Age at Maturity
                                                                                                    1. Reproductive Effort
                                                                                                      1. Lifespan
                                                                                                        1. Growth Rate
                                                                                                        2. Trade-offs in Life History
                                                                                                          1. Reproduction vs. Survival
                                                                                                            1. Offspring Number vs. Size
                                                                                                              1. Current vs. Future Reproduction
                                                                                                              2. r-selected vs. K-selected Species
                                                                                                                1. Environmental Predictability
                                                                                                                  1. Population Regulation
                                                                                                                  2. Evolution of Aging
                                                                                                                    1. Mutation Accumulation Theory
                                                                                                                      1. Antagonistic Pleiotropy Theory
                                                                                                                        1. Disposable Soma Theory
                                                                                                                        2. Parental Care
                                                                                                                          1. Evolution of Care
                                                                                                                            1. Parent-Offspring Conflict

                                                                                                                        Previous

                                                                                                                        5. Macroevolution

                                                                                                                        Go to top

                                                                                                                        Next

                                                                                                                        7. Human Evolution