Cartilage and Ligament Biology

  1. Clinical Assessment and Diagnosis
    1. Physical Examination
      1. Inspection Techniques
        1. Palpation Methods
          1. Range of Motion Assessment
            1. Stability Testing
              1. Ligament-specific Tests
                1. Joint Laxity Evaluation
                2. Functional Assessment
                3. Imaging Modalities
                  1. Magnetic Resonance Imaging
                    1. T1-weighted Sequences
                      1. T2-weighted Sequences
                        1. Specialized Sequences
                          1. Proton Density
                            1. STIR Sequences
                              1. Gradient Echo
                              2. Cartilage-specific Imaging
                                1. T2 Mapping
                                  1. dGEMRIC
                                    1. T1rho Mapping
                                  2. Computed Tomography
                                    1. Bone Detail Assessment
                                      1. CT Arthrography
                                      2. Ultrasound Imaging
                                        1. Real-time Assessment
                                          1. Dynamic Evaluation
                                          2. Conventional Radiography
                                            1. Joint Space Assessment
                                              1. Alignment Evaluation
                                            2. Arthroscopic Evaluation
                                              1. Indications and Contraindications
                                                1. Cartilage Grading Systems
                                                  1. Ligament Assessment
                                                    1. Therapeutic Applications

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                                                  4. Pathophysiology and Disease

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                                                  6. Treatment and Management Strategies