Biogeochemistry

  1. The Global Carbon Cycle
    1. Carbon Reservoirs
      1. Atmospheric Carbon
        1. Carbon Dioxide
          1. Current Concentrations
            1. Historical Variations
              1. Seasonal Cycles
              2. Methane
                1. Sources and Sinks
                  1. Atmospheric Chemistry
                  2. Other Carbon Gases
                    1. Carbon Monoxide
                      1. Volatile Organic Compounds
                    2. Oceanic Carbon
                      1. Dissolved Inorganic Carbon
                        1. Carbonate System
                          1. pH and Alkalinity
                          2. Dissolved Organic Carbon
                            1. Labile DOC
                              1. Refractory DOC
                              2. Particulate Organic Carbon
                                1. Marine Snow
                                  1. Sinking Particles
                                  2. Marine Carbonates
                                    1. Calcium Carbonate
                                      1. Aragonite vs Calcite
                                    2. Terrestrial Carbon
                                      1. Vegetation Carbon
                                        1. Above-ground Biomass
                                          1. Below-ground Biomass
                                            1. Wood vs Non-woody Tissues
                                            2. Soil Carbon
                                              1. Soil Organic Matter
                                                1. Soil Inorganic Carbon
                                                  1. Permafrost Carbon
                                                  2. Peatlands and Wetlands
                                                    1. Peat Accumulation
                                                      1. Methane Emissions
                                                    2. Geological Carbon
                                                      1. Sedimentary Rocks
                                                        1. Limestone and Dolomite
                                                          1. Organic-rich Shales
                                                          2. Fossil Fuels
                                                            1. Coal
                                                              1. Oil and Natural Gas
                                                                1. Unconventional Resources
                                                            2. Carbon Fluxes and Processes
                                                              1. Photosynthesis and Respiration
                                                                1. Gross Primary Production
                                                                  1. Net Primary Production
                                                                    1. Autotrophic Respiration
                                                                      1. Heterotrophic Respiration
                                                                        1. Soil Respiration
                                                                        2. Air-Sea Gas Exchange
                                                                          1. Physical Controls
                                                                            1. Solubility
                                                                              1. Temperature Effects
                                                                                1. Wind Speed
                                                                                2. Biological Controls
                                                                                  1. Photosynthesis
                                                                                    1. Respiration
                                                                                      1. Calcification
                                                                                    2. Ocean Carbon Pumps
                                                                                      1. Biological Pump
                                                                                        1. Export Production
                                                                                          1. Remineralization
                                                                                            1. Sinking Flux
                                                                                            2. Solubility Pump
                                                                                              1. Thermohaline Circulation
                                                                                                1. Deep Water Formation
                                                                                                2. Carbonate Counter-pump
                                                                                                  1. Calcification Effects
                                                                                                    1. Alkalinity Transport
                                                                                                  2. Methane Cycle
                                                                                                    1. Methanogenesis
                                                                                                      1. Acetoclastic Methanogenesis
                                                                                                        1. Hydrogenotrophic Methanogenesis
                                                                                                        2. Methane Oxidation
                                                                                                          1. Aerobic Oxidation
                                                                                                            1. Anaerobic Oxidation
                                                                                                            2. Methane Sources
                                                                                                              1. Wetlands
                                                                                                                1. Ruminants
                                                                                                                  1. Rice Paddies
                                                                                                                    1. Landfills
                                                                                                                      1. Geological Sources
                                                                                                                    2. Geological Processes
                                                                                                                      1. Volcanism
                                                                                                                        1. Volcanic CO2 Emissions
                                                                                                                          1. Metamorphic Decarbonation
                                                                                                                          2. Weathering
                                                                                                                            1. Silicate Weathering
                                                                                                                              1. Carbonate Weathering
                                                                                                                              2. Sedimentation
                                                                                                                                1. Organic Carbon Burial
                                                                                                                                  1. Carbonate Precipitation

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                                                                                                                            4. Biological Foundations

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                                                                                                                            6. The Global Nitrogen Cycle