Bacteriology

  1. Bacterial Genetics
    1. The Bacterial Genome
      1. Chromosomal DNA
        1. Structure and Organization
          1. Circular vs. Linear Chromosomes
            1. Genome Size Variation
              1. Gene Density
              2. Plasmids
                1. Types of Plasmids
                  1. Replication Mechanisms
                    1. Copy Number Control
                      1. Functions
                        1. Antibiotic Resistance
                          1. Virulence Factors
                            1. Metabolic Functions
                        2. DNA Replication
                          1. Enzymes Involved
                            1. DNA Polymerases
                              1. DNA Helicase
                                1. DNA Primase
                                  1. DNA Ligase
                                  2. Bidirectional Replication
                                    1. Regulation of Replication
                                      1. Proofreading and Fidelity
                                      2. Gene Expression
                                        1. Transcription
                                          1. RNA Polymerase Structure
                                            1. Promoters and Terminators
                                              1. Sigma Factors
                                                1. Transcription Elongation
                                                2. Translation
                                                  1. Ribosome Structure and Function
                                                    1. tRNA and Codons
                                                      1. Initiation, Elongation, and Termination
                                                        1. Polyribosomes
                                                        2. Regulation of Gene Expression
                                                          1. The Operon Model
                                                            1. Lac Operon
                                                              1. Trp Operon
                                                                1. Ara Operon
                                                                2. Positive and Negative Regulation
                                                                  1. Catabolite Repression
                                                                    1. Attenuation
                                                                      1. Riboswitches
                                                                        1. Small Regulatory RNAs
                                                                      2. Mutation and Repair
                                                                        1. Types of Mutations
                                                                          1. Point Mutations
                                                                            1. Silent Mutations
                                                                              1. Missense Mutations
                                                                                1. Nonsense Mutations
                                                                                2. Insertions and Deletions
                                                                                  1. Frameshift Mutations
                                                                                    1. Chromosomal Rearrangements
                                                                                    2. Mutagens
                                                                                      1. Chemical Mutagens
                                                                                        1. Physical Mutagens
                                                                                          1. Spontaneous Mutations
                                                                                          2. DNA Repair Mechanisms
                                                                                            1. Direct Repair
                                                                                              1. Excision Repair
                                                                                                1. Base Excision Repair
                                                                                                  1. Nucleotide Excision Repair
                                                                                                  2. Mismatch Repair
                                                                                                    1. SOS Response
                                                                                                      1. Recombinational Repair
                                                                                                    2. Horizontal Gene Transfer
                                                                                                      1. Transformation
                                                                                                        1. Natural Competence
                                                                                                          1. Artificial Transformation
                                                                                                            1. Mechanisms of DNA Uptake
                                                                                                            2. Transduction
                                                                                                              1. Generalized Transduction
                                                                                                                1. Specialized Transduction
                                                                                                                  1. Bacteriophage Life Cycles
                                                                                                                  2. Conjugation
                                                                                                                    1. F Plasmid-mediated Conjugation
                                                                                                                      1. Hfr (High-Frequency Recombination)
                                                                                                                        1. Conjugative Plasmids
                                                                                                                          1. Mobilizing Plasmids
                                                                                                                        2. Transposable Elements
                                                                                                                          1. Insertion Sequences
                                                                                                                            1. Structure
                                                                                                                              1. Transposition Mechanisms
                                                                                                                              2. Transposons
                                                                                                                                1. Simple Transposons
                                                                                                                                  1. Composite Transposons
                                                                                                                                    1. Tn10 Family
                                                                                                                                      1. Mu Transposons
                                                                                                                                      2. Integrons
                                                                                                                                        1. Structure and Function
                                                                                                                                          1. Role in Antibiotic Resistance

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                                                                                                                                      3. Bacterial Metabolism and Growth

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                                                                                                                                      5. Bacterial Classification and Identification