Urban Geography (Global Cities and Urbanization)

  1. Urban Structure and Morphology
    1. Internal Structure of Cities
      1. Central Business District
        1. Functions and Characteristics
          1. Evolution and Change
            1. Decline and Revitalization
            2. Residential Areas
              1. Housing Types and Densities
                1. Socioeconomic Differentiation
                  1. Neighborhood Characteristics
                  2. Industrial Zones
                    1. Location Factors
                      1. Industrial Evolution
                        1. Post-industrial Transformation
                        2. Commercial Areas
                          1. Retail Concentrations
                            1. Service Centers
                              1. Mixed-Use Development
                              2. Institutional Areas
                                1. Government Districts
                                  1. Educational Complexes
                                    1. Medical Centers
                                  2. Classical Models of Urban Structure
                                    1. Concentric Zone Model
                                      1. Burgess Model Components
                                        1. Zone Characteristics
                                          1. Applications and Limitations
                                          2. Sector Model
                                            1. Hoyt's Sectoral Theory
                                              1. Transportation Corridors
                                                1. Socioeconomic Sectors
                                                2. Multiple Nuclei Model
                                                  1. Harris and Ullman Model
                                                    1. Specialized Centers
                                                      1. Urban Complexity
                                                      2. Contemporary Models
                                                        1. Galactic City Model
                                                          1. Edge City Concept
                                                            1. Polycentric Urban Form
                                                          2. Urban Land Use Theory
                                                            1. Bid-Rent Theory
                                                              1. Land Value Gradients
                                                                1. Accessibility and Rent
                                                                  1. Competition for Space
                                                                  2. Land Use Intensity
                                                                    1. Density Patterns
                                                                      1. Floor Area Ratios
                                                                        1. Development Intensity
                                                                        2. Location Theory
                                                                          1. Central Place Theory Applications
                                                                            1. Agglomeration Economics
                                                                              1. Spatial Competition
                                                                            2. Urban Morphology
                                                                              1. Street Patterns and Layout
                                                                                1. Grid Systems
                                                                                  1. Radial Patterns
                                                                                    1. Irregular Layouts
                                                                                      1. Planned vs. Organic Growth
                                                                                      2. Architectural Styles
                                                                                        1. Historical Periods
                                                                                          1. Cultural Influences
                                                                                            1. Building Types
                                                                                            2. Urban Skylines
                                                                                              1. High-rise Development
                                                                                                1. Zoning Impacts
                                                                                                  1. Iconic Landscapes
                                                                                                  2. Public Spaces
                                                                                                    1. Parks and Open Space
                                                                                                      1. Plazas and Squares
                                                                                                        1. Waterfront Areas

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                                                                                                    2. The Process of Urbanization

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                                                                                                    4. Social Geography of Cities