Soils Geography

  1. Soil Morphology and Profile Description
    1. Soil Profile Concepts
      1. Profile Definition
        1. Horizon Development
          1. Boundary Characteristics
            1. Genetic Relationships
            2. Master Horizons
              1. O Horizons
                1. Oi Horizons
                  1. Oe Horizons
                    1. Oa Horizons
                    2. A Horizons
                      1. Mineral-Organic Mixing
                        1. Biological Activity
                          1. Structural Development
                          2. E Horizons
                            1. Eluvial Processes
                              1. Color Characteristics
                                1. Texture Changes
                                2. B Horizons
                                  1. Illuvial Accumulation
                                    1. Structural Development
                                      1. Color Development
                                        1. Weathering Products
                                        2. C Horizons
                                          1. Parent Material Characteristics
                                            1. Minimal Pedogenic Alteration
                                            2. R Horizons
                                              1. Bedrock Properties
                                                1. Weathering Resistance
                                              2. Horizon Designations and Suffixes
                                                1. Transitional Horizons
                                                  1. AB Horizons
                                                    1. BA Horizons
                                                      1. BC Horizons
                                                        1. CB Horizons
                                                        2. Subordinate Distinctions
                                                          1. Organic Accumulation
                                                            1. Clay Accumulation
                                                              1. Iron Accumulation
                                                                1. Carbonate Accumulation
                                                                  1. Salt Accumulation
                                                                    1. Fragipan Development
                                                                      1. Duripan Formation
                                                                    2. Field Description Methods
                                                                      1. Horizon Boundary Description
                                                                        1. Distinctness
                                                                          1. Topography
                                                                          2. Color Determination
                                                                            1. Moist Color
                                                                              1. Dry Color
                                                                                1. Mottle Description
                                                                                2. Texture Assessment
                                                                                  1. Field Techniques
                                                                                    1. Modifier Terms
                                                                                    2. Structure Evaluation
                                                                                      1. Type
                                                                                        1. Grade
                                                                                          1. Size
                                                                                          2. Consistency Determination
                                                                                            1. Wet Consistency
                                                                                              1. Moist Consistency
                                                                                                1. Dry Consistency
                                                                                                2. Special Features
                                                                                                  1. Roots
                                                                                                    1. Pores
                                                                                                      1. Concretions
                                                                                                        1. Coarse Fragments

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                                                                                                    6. Soil Formation Processes and Factors

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                                                                                                    8. Soil Classification Systems