Seismology and Earthquake Engineering

5.

Seismic Instrumentation and Data Analysis

5.1.

Seismographic Instrumentation

5.1.1.

Historical Development

5.1.2.

Operating Principles

5.1.2.1.

Mechanical Systems

5.1.2.2.

Electromagnetic Systems

5.1.2.3.

Force-Balance Systems

5.1.3.

Modern Digital Systems

5.1.3.1.

Broadband Seismometers

5.1.3.2.

Strong-Motion Accelerometers

5.1.3.3.

Data Acquisition Systems

5.1.4.

Network Operations

5.1.4.1.

Global Networks

5.1.4.2.

Regional Networks

5.1.4.3.

5.2.

Seismogram Analysis

5.2.1.

Seismogram Components

5.2.2.

Wave Identification

5.2.2.1.

P-Wave Arrivals

5.2.2.2.

S-Wave Arrivals

5.2.2.3.

Surface Wave Arrivals

5.2.3.

Signal Processing

5.2.3.1.

Filtering Techniques

5.2.3.2.

Noise Reduction

5.2.3.3.

5.2.4.

Amplitude Measurements

5.2.5.

Timing Accuracy

5.3.

Earthquake Location Techniques

5.3.1.

Single-Station Methods

5.3.2.

Multi-Station Methods

5.3.3.

Triangulation Principles

5.3.4.

Location Algorithms

5.3.5.

Uncertainty Analysis

5.4.

Magnitude Determination

5.4.1.

Magnitude Scale Concepts

5.4.2.

Local Magnitude Scale

5.4.2.1.

Richter Scale Development

5.4.2.2.

Calculation Methods

5.4.2.3.

Distance Corrections

5.4.3.

Body-Wave Magnitude

5.4.3.1.

Measurement Procedures

5.4.3.2.

Teleseismic Applications

5.4.4.

Surface-Wave Magnitude

5.4.4.1.

Measurement Procedures

5.4.4.2.

Period Dependence

5.4.5.

Moment Magnitude

5.4.5.1.

Theoretical Foundation

5.4.5.2.

Calculation Methods

5.4.5.3.

Advantages and Applications

5.4.6.

Magnitude Relationships

5.4.7.

Scale Limitations

5.5.

Intensity Assessment

5.5.1.

Intensity Scale Concepts

5.5.2.

Modified Mercalli Scale

5.5.2.1.

Scale Descriptions

5.5.2.2.

Assignment Procedures

5.5.3.

Other Intensity Scales

5.5.4.

Isoseismal Mapping

5.5.4.1.

Data Collection

5.5.4.2.

Contouring Methods

5.5.4.3.

5.5.5.

Magnitude-Intensity Relationships

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4. Seismic Wave Theory and Propagation

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6. Global Seismicity Patterns