Research Methods in Geography

  1. Data Analysis and Interpretation
    1. Qualitative Data Analysis
      1. Data Preparation
        1. Transcription Methods
          1. Verbatim Transcription
            1. Intelligent Transcription
              1. Transcription Software
                1. Quality Control
                2. Data Organization
                  1. File Management
                    1. Naming Conventions
                      1. Version Control
                        1. Backup Procedures
                        2. Data Cleaning
                          1. Error Detection
                            1. Inconsistency Resolution
                              1. Missing Data Handling
                                1. Standardization
                              2. Coding Strategies
                                1. Open Coding
                                  1. Line-by-line Coding
                                    1. Incident-by-incident Coding
                                      1. Concept Development
                                        1. Category Formation
                                        2. Axial Coding
                                          1. Category Relationships
                                            1. Causal Conditions
                                              1. Intervening Conditions
                                                1. Consequences
                                                2. Selective Coding
                                                  1. Core Category Selection
                                                    1. Story Line Development
                                                      1. Theory Integration
                                                        1. Theoretical Saturation
                                                        2. Coding Reliability
                                                          1. Inter-coder Reliability
                                                            1. Intra-coder Reliability
                                                              1. Coding Consistency
                                                                1. Agreement Measures
                                                              2. Analytical Approaches
                                                                1. Thematic Analysis
                                                                  1. Theme Identification
                                                                    1. Pattern Recognition
                                                                      1. Theme Development
                                                                        1. Theme Relationships
                                                                        2. Content Analysis
                                                                          1. Manifest Content
                                                                            1. Latent Content
                                                                              1. Quantitative Content Analysis
                                                                                1. Computer-assisted Analysis
                                                                                2. Discourse Analysis
                                                                                  1. Critical Discourse Analysis
                                                                                    1. Conversation Analysis
                                                                                      1. Narrative Analysis
                                                                                        1. Multimodal Analysis
                                                                                        2. Grounded Theory
                                                                                          1. Constant Comparative Method
                                                                                            1. Theoretical Sampling
                                                                                              1. Memo Writing
                                                                                                1. Theory Development
                                                                                              2. Software Tools
                                                                                                1. NVivo
                                                                                                  1. Project Setup
                                                                                                    1. Data Import
                                                                                                      1. Coding Features
                                                                                                        1. Query Tools
                                                                                                          1. Visualization Options
                                                                                                          2. ATLAS.ti
                                                                                                            1. Document Management
                                                                                                              1. Code System
                                                                                                                1. Network Views
                                                                                                                  1. Output Options
                                                                                                                  2. Other Software
                                                                                                                    1. MAXQDA
                                                                                                                      1. Dedoose
                                                                                                                        1. QDA Miner
                                                                                                                          1. R Packages
                                                                                                                      2. Quantitative Data Analysis
                                                                                                                        1. Descriptive Statistics
                                                                                                                          1. Measures of Central Tendency
                                                                                                                            1. Mean Calculations
                                                                                                                              1. Median Determination
                                                                                                                                1. Mode Identification
                                                                                                                                  1. Appropriate Use Cases
                                                                                                                                  2. Measures of Variability
                                                                                                                                    1. Range Calculations
                                                                                                                                      1. Variance Computation
                                                                                                                                        1. Standard Deviation
                                                                                                                                          1. Coefficient of Variation
                                                                                                                                          2. Distribution Shape
                                                                                                                                            1. Skewness
                                                                                                                                              1. Kurtosis
                                                                                                                                                1. Normality Testing
                                                                                                                                                  1. Distribution Types
                                                                                                                                                  2. Data Visualization
                                                                                                                                                    1. Histograms
                                                                                                                                                      1. Box Plots
                                                                                                                                                        1. Scatter Plots
                                                                                                                                                          1. Bar Charts
                                                                                                                                                        2. Inferential Statistics
                                                                                                                                                          1. Hypothesis Testing Framework
                                                                                                                                                            1. Null Hypothesis
                                                                                                                                                              1. Alternative Hypothesis
                                                                                                                                                                1. Test Statistics
                                                                                                                                                                  1. P-values
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Significance Levels
                                                                                                                                                                    2. Parametric Tests
                                                                                                                                                                      1. T-tests
                                                                                                                                                                        1. ANOVA
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Regression Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Assumptions Testing
                                                                                                                                                                            2. Non-parametric Tests
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Mann-Whitney U Test
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Kruskal-Wallis Test
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Chi-square Tests
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Spearman Correlation
                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Effect Size and Power
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Effect Size Measures
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Power Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Sample Size Planning
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Practical Significance
                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Multivariate Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Multiple Regression
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Linear Regression
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Logistic Regression
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Polynomial Regression
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Model Selection
                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Factor Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Exploratory Factor Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Confirmatory Factor Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Principal Component Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Factor Interpretation
                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Cluster Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Hierarchical Clustering
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. K-means Clustering
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Cluster Validation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Interpretation Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Discriminant Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Linear Discriminant Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Quadratic Discriminant Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Classification Accuracy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Variable Importance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Time Series Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Time Series Components
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Trend
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Seasonality
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Cyclical Patterns
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Irregular Variations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Forecasting Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Moving Averages
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Exponential Smoothing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. ARIMA Models
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Seasonal Decomposition
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Trend Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Change Point Detection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Trend Significance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            3. Spatial Analysis and Statistics
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Spatial Data Exploration
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Spatial Distribution Patterns
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Point Patterns
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Clustering
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Dispersion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Randomness
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Spatial Autocorrelation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Global Autocorrelation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Local Autocorrelation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Moran's I
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Geary's C
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Spatial Heterogeneity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Non-stationarity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Local Variations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Spatial Regimes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Scale Effects
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Point Pattern Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Density Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Kernel Density Estimation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Quadrat Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Distance-based Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Intensity Functions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Clustering Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Nearest Neighbor Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. K-function Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Ripley's K
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Local Clustering
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Spatial Point Processes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Poisson Processes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Cluster Processes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Regular Processes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Marked Point Processes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Areal Data Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Spatial Weights
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Contiguity Weights
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Distance Weights
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. K-nearest Neighbors
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Weight Standardization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Global Spatial Statistics
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Moran's I
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Geary's C
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Join Count Statistics
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Significance Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Local Spatial Statistics
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Local Moran's I
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Getis-Ord Statistics
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Local Geary's C
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Spatial Outliers
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Spatial Regression
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Spatial Lag Models
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Model Specification
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Parameter Estimation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Interpretation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Diagnostics
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Spatial Error Models
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Error Structure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Model Estimation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Residual Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Model Comparison
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Geographically Weighted Regression
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Local Regression
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Bandwidth Selection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Parameter Mapping
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Model Validation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Network Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Network Topology
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Nodes and Edges
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Connectivity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Network Measures
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Centrality Measures
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Shortest Path Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Dijkstra's Algorithm
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. A* Algorithm
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Multiple Paths
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Path Optimization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Accessibility Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Distance-based Accessibility
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Gravity Models
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Cumulative Opportunities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Space-time Accessibility
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Flow Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Origin-Destination Matrices
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Flow Mapping
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Interaction Models
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Network Flows

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          6. Mixed-Methods Research