Real-Time Systems

  1. Real-Time Operating Systems
    1. RTOS Architecture and Design
      1. Core RTOS Services
        1. Task Management
          1. Task Creation and Deletion
            1. Task States and Transitions
              1. Task Control Blocks
              2. Real-Time Scheduler
                1. Scheduling Algorithms Supported
                  1. Scheduler Implementation
                    1. Scheduler Overhead
                    2. Timer and Clock Management
                      1. Timer Services
                        1. Clock Tick Handling
                          1. High-Resolution Timers
                          2. Interrupt Handling
                            1. Interrupt Latency
                              1. Interrupt Service Routines
                                1. Nested Interrupts
                                2. Memory Management
                                  1. Static Memory Allocation
                                    1. Dynamic Memory Management
                                      1. Memory Protection
                                    2. Inter-Task Communication
                                      1. Message Queues
                                        1. Message Passing Mechanisms
                                          1. Buffer Management
                                            1. Queue Overflow Handling
                                            2. Semaphores
                                              1. Binary Semaphores
                                                1. Counting Semaphores
                                                  1. Semaphore Queuing Policies
                                                  2. Event Flags
                                                    1. Event Grouping
                                                      1. Synchronization via Events
                                                        1. Event Flag Operations
                                                        2. Shared Memory
                                                          1. Memory Sharing Mechanisms
                                                            1. Synchronization Requirements
                                                        3. Kernel Architectures
                                                          1. Monolithic Kernel
                                                            1. Structure and Characteristics
                                                              1. Advantages and Disadvantages
                                                                1. Performance Considerations
                                                                2. Microkernel
                                                                  1. Structure and Characteristics
                                                                    1. Advantages and Disadvantages
                                                                      1. Message Passing Overhead
                                                                      2. Hybrid Kernels
                                                                        1. Combined Approaches
                                                                          1. Trade-offs and Design Decisions
                                                                        2. RTOS Standards and Specifications
                                                                          1. POSIX Real-Time Extensions
                                                                            1. POSIX.1b Real-Time Extensions
                                                                              1. POSIX.1c Thread Extensions
                                                                                1. Key Features and APIs
                                                                                  1. Compliance and Portability
                                                                                  2. OSEK/VDX for Automotive
                                                                                    1. Architecture and Features
                                                                                      1. Task and Resource Management
                                                                                        1. Communication Services
                                                                                        2. ARINC 653 for Avionics
                                                                                          1. Partitioning and Scheduling
                                                                                            1. Health Monitoring
                                                                                              1. Inter-Partition Communication
                                                                                              2. DO-178C for Software Certification
                                                                                                1. Certification Levels
                                                                                                  1. Development Process Requirements
                                                                                                2. Commercial and Open-Source RTOS
                                                                                                  1. Real-Time Linux
                                                                                                    1. RT-Preempt Patch
                                                                                                      1. Xenomai Framework
                                                                                                        1. RTAI Extensions
                                                                                                        2. VxWorks
                                                                                                          1. Architecture and Features
                                                                                                            1. Development Environment
                                                                                                            2. QNX Neutrino
                                                                                                              1. Microkernel Architecture
                                                                                                                1. Message Passing
                                                                                                                2. FreeRTOS
                                                                                                                  1. Lightweight Design
                                                                                                                    1. Porting and Configuration

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                                                                                                                5. Resource Management and Synchronization

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                                                                                                                7. Real-Time Communication