Real-Time Analytics and Stream Processing

  1. System Architectures for Real-Time Data
    1. Lambda Architecture
      1. Overview and Motivation
        1. Hybrid Batch-Stream Approach
          1. Fault Tolerance Through Redundancy
          2. Batch Layer Components
            1. Storing Immutable Data
              1. Master Dataset Management
                1. Historical Data Processing
                2. Batch Computation
                  1. Comprehensive Views
                    1. High Throughput Processing
                  2. Speed Layer Components
                    1. Low-Latency Processing
                      1. Real-Time Approximations
                        1. Incremental Updates
                        2. Handling Recent Data
                          1. Hot Data Processing
                            1. Temporary State Management
                          2. Serving Layer Components
                            1. Merging Results from Batch and Speed Layers
                              1. View Reconciliation
                                1. Query Routing
                                2. Querying Combined Views
                                  1. Unified Query Interface
                                    1. Result Merging Logic
                                  2. Implementation Challenges
                                    1. Consistency and Reconciliation
                                      1. Code Duplication Issues
                                        1. Operational Complexity
                                      2. Kappa Architecture
                                        1. Simplified Processing Pipeline
                                          1. Single Stream Processing Path
                                            1. Elimination of Batch Layer
                                            2. Log-Centric Approach
                                              1. Use of Immutable Logs
                                                1. Event Sourcing Principles
                                                  1. Replay Capabilities
                                                  2. Replayability of Data
                                                    1. Historical Reprocessing
                                                      1. Bug Fix Deployment
                                                    2. Stream Reprocessing
                                                      1. Use Cases for Reprocessing
                                                        1. Algorithm Updates
                                                          1. Data Corrections
                                                          2. Handling Code and Logic Changes
                                                            1. Version Management
                                                              1. Migration Strategies
                                                          3. Modern Streaming Architectures
                                                            1. Unified Batch and Stream Processing
                                                              1. Converged Processing Models
                                                                1. Single API for Both Modes
                                                                  1. Resource Sharing
                                                                  2. Framework Examples
                                                                    1. Apache Beam
                                                                  3. Dataflow Model
                                                                    1. Directed Acyclic Graphs
                                                                      1. Operator Composition
                                                                        1. Data Flow Representation
                                                                        2. Operator Chaining and Optimization
                                                                          1. Performance Optimization
                                                                            1. Resource Efficiency

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                                                                      2. Fundamental Concepts

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                                                                      4. Core Components of Streaming Pipelines