Pavement Design and Management

  1. Pavement Materials Characterization
    1. Subgrade Soils
      1. Soil Classification Systems
        1. AASHTO Classification
          1. Group Classifications
            1. Group Index
            2. Unified Soil Classification System (USCS)
              1. Major Soil Groups
                1. Dual Symbols
              2. Soil Properties and Testing
                1. Moisture Content Determination
                  1. Oven Drying Method
                    1. Field Methods
                    2. Density Measurement
                      1. Standard Proctor Test
                        1. Modified Proctor Test
                          1. Field Density Tests
                          2. Atterberg Limits
                            1. Liquid Limit
                              1. Plastic Limit
                                1. Plasticity Index
                                2. California Bearing Ratio (CBR)
                                  1. Laboratory CBR
                                    1. Field CBR
                                      1. Design CBR Selection
                                      2. Resilient Modulus (Mr)
                                        1. Test Procedures
                                          1. Stress Dependency
                                            1. Environmental Effects
                                            2. Shear Strength
                                              1. Direct Shear Test
                                                1. Triaxial Test
                                                  1. Unconfined Compression
                                                2. Subgrade Improvement Techniques
                                                  1. Mechanical Stabilization
                                                    1. Compaction Methods
                                                      1. Densification Techniques
                                                      2. Chemical Stabilization
                                                        1. Lime Stabilization
                                                          1. Cement Stabilization
                                                            1. Fly Ash Stabilization
                                                            2. Geosynthetics Use
                                                              1. Geotextiles
                                                                1. Geogrids
                                                                  1. Geocomposites
                                                              2. Unbound Aggregate Materials
                                                                1. Aggregate Sources and Types
                                                                  1. Natural Aggregates
                                                                    1. Igneous Rock Sources
                                                                      1. Sedimentary Rock Sources
                                                                        1. Metamorphic Rock Sources
                                                                        2. Manufactured Aggregates
                                                                          1. Crushed Stone
                                                                            1. Manufactured Sand
                                                                              1. Recycled Aggregates
                                                                            2. Physical Properties of Aggregates
                                                                              1. Gradation and Size Distribution
                                                                                1. Sieve Analysis
                                                                                  1. Gradation Curves
                                                                                    1. Fineness Modulus
                                                                                    2. Toughness and Abrasion Resistance
                                                                                      1. Los Angeles Abrasion
                                                                                        1. Micro-Deval Test
                                                                                        2. Durability and Soundness
                                                                                          1. Soundness Test
                                                                                            1. Freeze-Thaw Resistance
                                                                                            2. Particle Shape and Texture
                                                                                              1. Angularity Measurements
                                                                                                1. Surface Texture Effects
                                                                                                2. Absorption and Moisture Content
                                                                                                  1. Water Absorption
                                                                                                    1. Surface Moisture
                                                                                                  2. Aggregate Testing
                                                                                                    1. Sieve Analysis
                                                                                                      1. Test Procedures
                                                                                                        1. Gradation Requirements
                                                                                                        2. Los Angeles Abrasion Test
                                                                                                          1. Test Method
                                                                                                            1. Acceptance Criteria
                                                                                                            2. Soundness Test
                                                                                                              1. Sodium Sulfate Method
                                                                                                                1. Magnesium Sulfate Method
                                                                                                                2. Specific Gravity and Water Absorption
                                                                                                                  1. Bulk Specific Gravity
                                                                                                                    1. Apparent Specific Gravity
                                                                                                                      1. Absorption Calculations
                                                                                                                  2. Bituminous Materials
                                                                                                                    1. Asphalt Binders
                                                                                                                      1. Sources and Refining Processes
                                                                                                                        1. Crude Oil Sources
                                                                                                                          1. Refinery Processes
                                                                                                                            1. Binder Production
                                                                                                                            2. Performance Grading (PG) System
                                                                                                                              1. High Temperature Grade
                                                                                                                                1. Low Temperature Grade
                                                                                                                                  1. Grade Selection
                                                                                                                                  2. Binder Rheology and Testing
                                                                                                                                    1. Viscosity
                                                                                                                                      1. Rotational Viscometer
                                                                                                                                        1. Brookfield Viscometer
                                                                                                                                        2. Penetration
                                                                                                                                          1. Penetration Test
                                                                                                                                            1. Penetration Index
                                                                                                                                            2. Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR)
                                                                                                                                              1. Complex Modulus
                                                                                                                                                1. Phase Angle
                                                                                                                                                  1. Rutting Parameter
                                                                                                                                              2. Asphalt Mixtures (Hot Mix Asphalt - HMA)
                                                                                                                                                1. Mixture Components
                                                                                                                                                  1. Aggregates
                                                                                                                                                    1. Coarse Aggregates
                                                                                                                                                      1. Fine Aggregates
                                                                                                                                                        1. Mineral Filler
                                                                                                                                                        2. Asphalt Binder
                                                                                                                                                          1. Binder Content
                                                                                                                                                            1. Binder Grade Selection
                                                                                                                                                            2. Additives and Modifiers
                                                                                                                                                              1. Polymer Modifiers
                                                                                                                                                                1. Anti-Stripping Agents
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Fibers
                                                                                                                                                                2. Volumetric Properties
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Air Voids
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Target Air Voids
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Measurement Methods
                                                                                                                                                                      2. Voids in Mineral Aggregate (VMA)
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Minimum VMA Requirements
                                                                                                                                                                          1. VMA Calculations
                                                                                                                                                                          2. Voids Filled with Asphalt (VFA)
                                                                                                                                                                            1. VFA Requirements
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Durability Relationships
                                                                                                                                                                            2. Mix Design Methods
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Marshall Mix Design
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Marshall Stability
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Flow Value
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Design Criteria
                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Superpave Mix Design
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Gyratory Compactor
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Volumetric Design
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Performance Tests
                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Performance Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Rutting Resistance
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Wheel Tracking Test
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Flow Number Test
                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Fatigue Resistance
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Beam Fatigue Test
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Overlay Tester
                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Moisture Susceptibility
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Tensile Strength Ratio
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Hamburg Wheel Test
                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Portland Cement Concrete (PCC)
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Constituent Materials
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Cement Types
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Ordinary Portland Cement
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Type I Cement
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Hydration Process
                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Blended Cements
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Type IP Cement
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Type IS Cement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Type IL Cement
                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Aggregates
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Coarse Aggregates
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Size Requirements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Quality Standards
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Fine Aggregates
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Gradation Requirements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Quality Standards
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Water
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Water Quality Requirements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Water-Cement Ratio
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Admixtures
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Chemical Admixtures
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Air-Entraining Agents
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Water Reducers
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Set Retarders
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Accelerators
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Mineral Admixtures
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Fly Ash
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Silica Fume
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Concrete Mix Design
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Proportioning Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. ACI Method
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Absolute Volume Method
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Workability Considerations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Slump Requirements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Consolidation Requirements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Properties of Fresh Concrete
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Slump
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Slump Test Procedure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Slump Requirements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Air Content
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Air Content Measurement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Air Entrainment Benefits
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Setting Time
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Initial Set
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Final Set
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Properties of Hardened Concrete
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Compressive Strength
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Cylinder Test
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Strength Development
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Design Strength
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Flexural Strength (Modulus of Rupture)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Beam Test Methods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Third-Point Loading
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Center-Point Loading
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Modulus of Elasticity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Static Modulus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Dynamic Modulus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2. Shrinkage and Creep
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Drying Shrinkage
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Autogenous Shrinkage
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Creep Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Stabilized and Recycled Materials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Soil Stabilization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Lime Stabilization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Lime Types
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Stabilization Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Design Procedures
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Cement Stabilization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Cement Content Design
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Strength Development
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Durability Considerations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Bituminous Stabilization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Emulsion Stabilization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Cutback Stabilization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Foamed Asphalt Stabilization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2. Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Processing and Handling
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Milling Operations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Crushing and Screening
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Stockpile Management
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Mix Design with RAP
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. RAP Content Limits
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Binder Blending
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Performance Considerations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Processing and Quality Control
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Crushing Operations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Contamination Removal
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Quality Testing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Applications in Pavement Layers
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Base Course Applications
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Subbase Applications
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Concrete Applications

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Pavement Loads and Environmental Factors

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4. Flexible Pavement Design