Parasitology

5.

Host-Parasite Relationships

5.1.

Parasite Biology and Adaptations

5.1.1.

Nutritional Requirements

5.1.2.

Metabolic Adaptations

5.1.3.

Host Resource Exploitation

5.1.4.

Survival Strategies

5.2.

Mechanisms of Parasite Transmission

5.2.1.

Fecal-Oral Route

5.2.2.

Vector-Borne Transmission

5.2.3.

Direct Contact Transmission

5.2.4.

Transplacental Transmission

5.2.5.

Blood Transfusion and Organ Transplant

5.2.6.

Waterborne Transmission

5.2.7.

Foodborne Transmission

5.2.8.

Airborne Transmission

5.3.

Pathogenesis of Parasitic Diseases

5.3.1.

Mechanical Tissue Damage

5.3.2.

Nutrient Deprivation and Competition

5.3.3.

Toxin Production

5.3.4.

Obstruction of Organs and Vessels

5.3.5.

Immunopathological Responses

5.3.5.1.

Hypersensitivity Reactions

5.3.5.2.

Autoimmune Responses

5.3.5.3.

Granuloma Formation

5.3.5.4.

Chronic Inflammation

5.4.

Immunology of Parasitic Infections

5.4.1.

Innate Immune Responses

5.4.1.1.

Physical Barriers

5.4.1.2.

Cellular Components

5.4.1.3.

5.4.1.4.

Inflammatory Responses

5.4.1.5.

Complement System

5.4.2.

Adaptive Immune Responses

5.4.2.1.

Humoral Immunity

5.4.2.2.

Cell-Mediated Immunity

5.4.2.3.

Eosinophilia and Allergic Responses

5.4.2.4.

Memory Responses

5.4.3.

Parasite Immune Evasion Strategies

5.4.3.1.

Antigenic Variation

5.4.3.2.

Molecular Mimicry

5.4.3.3.

Intracellular Survival

5.4.3.4.

Immunosuppression

5.4.3.5.

Antigen Shedding and Masking

5.4.3.6.

Complement Resistance

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6. Diagnosis of Parasitic Infections