Neuroanatomy

  1. The CNS: Brainstem and Cerebellum
    1. Medulla Oblongata
      1. External Features
        1. Pyramids
          1. Corticospinal Tract Decussation
          2. Olives
            1. Inferior Olivary Complex
            2. Cranial Nerve Attachments
              1. Nerves IX, X, XI, XII
            3. Internal Structures
              1. Major Nuclei
                1. Gracile Nucleus
                  1. Cuneate Nucleus
                    1. Inferior Olivary Nucleus
                      1. Hypoglossal Nucleus
                        1. Dorsal Motor Nucleus of Vagus
                          1. Nucleus Ambiguus
                          2. Reticular Formation
                            1. Medullary Reticular Nuclei
                            2. Vital Centers
                              1. Respiratory Center
                                1. Cardiovascular Center
                            3. Pons
                              1. External Features
                                1. Basal Pons
                                  1. Pontine Nuclei
                                    1. Transverse Pontine Fibers
                                    2. Cerebellar Peduncles
                                      1. Middle Cerebellar Peduncle
                                    3. Internal Structures
                                      1. Pontine Nuclei
                                        1. Corticopontine Projections
                                        2. Cranial Nerve Nuclei
                                          1. Trigeminal Nuclear Complex
                                            1. Facial Nucleus
                                              1. Abducens Nucleus
                                              2. Reticular Formation
                                                1. Pontine Reticular Nuclei
                                                2. Locus Coeruleus
                                                  1. Noradrenergic System
                                              3. Midbrain
                                                1. Tectum
                                                  1. Superior Colliculi
                                                    1. Visual Reflexes
                                                      1. Saccadic Eye Movements
                                                      2. Inferior Colliculi
                                                        1. Auditory Processing
                                                          1. Tonotopic Organization
                                                        2. Tegmentum
                                                          1. Red Nucleus
                                                            1. Rubrospinal Tract Origin
                                                            2. Substantia Nigra
                                                              1. Pars Compacta
                                                                1. Pars Reticulata
                                                                  1. Dopaminergic Neurons
                                                                  2. Periaqueductal Gray
                                                                    1. Pain Modulation
                                                                      1. Defensive Behaviors
                                                                    2. Cerebral Peduncles
                                                                      1. Crus Cerebri
                                                                        1. Corticospinal Fibers
                                                                          1. Corticopontine Fibers
                                                                            1. Corticobulbar Fibers
                                                                          2. Cranial Nerve Nuclei
                                                                            1. Oculomotor Nuclear Complex
                                                                              1. Trochlear Nucleus
                                                                            2. Reticular Formation
                                                                              1. Location and Extent
                                                                                1. Medullary Reticular Formation
                                                                                  1. Pontine Reticular Formation
                                                                                    1. Midbrain Reticular Formation
                                                                                    2. Major Nuclei
                                                                                      1. Raphe Nuclei
                                                                                        1. Serotonergic System
                                                                                        2. Locus Coeruleus
                                                                                          1. Noradrenergic System
                                                                                        3. Ascending Reticular Activating System
                                                                                          1. Consciousness and Arousal
                                                                                            1. Sleep-Wake Cycles
                                                                                            2. Descending Projections
                                                                                              1. Motor Control
                                                                                                1. Autonomic Regulation
                                                                                              2. Cerebellum
                                                                                                1. Gross Anatomy
                                                                                                  1. Hemispheres
                                                                                                    1. Lateral Hemispheres
                                                                                                      1. Intermediate Zone
                                                                                                      2. Vermis
                                                                                                        1. Midline Structure
                                                                                                        2. Lobes
                                                                                                          1. Anterior Lobe
                                                                                                            1. Posterior Lobe
                                                                                                              1. Flocculonodular Lobe
                                                                                                              2. Fissures
                                                                                                                1. Primary Fissure
                                                                                                                  1. Posterolateral Fissure
                                                                                                                2. Cerebellar Peduncles
                                                                                                                  1. Superior Cerebellar Peduncle
                                                                                                                    1. Efferent Pathway
                                                                                                                    2. Middle Cerebellar Peduncle
                                                                                                                      1. Pontocerebellar Fibers
                                                                                                                      2. Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle
                                                                                                                        1. Spinocerebellar Tracts
                                                                                                                          1. Olivocerebellar Fibers
                                                                                                                        2. Deep Cerebellar Nuclei
                                                                                                                          1. Dentate Nucleus
                                                                                                                            1. Lateral Hemisphere Output
                                                                                                                            2. Interposed Nuclei
                                                                                                                              1. Emboliform Nucleus
                                                                                                                                1. Globose Nucleus
                                                                                                                                2. Fastigial Nucleus
                                                                                                                                  1. Vermis Output
                                                                                                                                3. Cerebellar Cortex Microanatomy
                                                                                                                                  1. Three-layer Organization
                                                                                                                                    1. Molecular Layer
                                                                                                                                      1. Purkinje Cell Layer
                                                                                                                                        1. Granular Layer
                                                                                                                                        2. Cell Types
                                                                                                                                          1. Purkinje Cells
                                                                                                                                            1. Granule Cells
                                                                                                                                              1. Basket Cells
                                                                                                                                                1. Stellate Cells
                                                                                                                                                  1. Golgi Cells
                                                                                                                                                  2. Afferent Fibers
                                                                                                                                                    1. Climbing Fibers
                                                                                                                                                      1. Mossy Fibers
                                                                                                                                                    2. Functional Divisions
                                                                                                                                                      1. Vestibulocerebellum
                                                                                                                                                        1. Balance and Eye Movements
                                                                                                                                                        2. Spinocerebellum
                                                                                                                                                          1. Posture and Locomotion
                                                                                                                                                          2. Cerebrocerebellum
                                                                                                                                                            1. Motor Planning and Cognition

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                                                                                                                                                      5. The Central Nervous System: The Spinal Cord

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                                                                                                                                                      7. The CNS: Diencephalon