Light and Plant Growth

  1. Photosynthesis
    1. Overview of the Photosynthetic Process
      1. The General Equation
        1. Inputs and Outputs
          1. Carbon Dioxide
            1. Water
              1. Glucose
                1. Oxygen
              2. The Chloroplast
                1. Structure of the Chloroplast
                  1. Outer Membrane
                    1. Inner Membrane
                      1. Thylakoid Membranes
                        1. Stroma
                        2. Localization in Plant Cells
                        3. Photosynthetic Pigments
                          1. Chlorophylls
                            1. Chlorophyll a
                              1. Role in Light Absorption
                                1. Central Role in Reaction Centers
                                2. Chlorophyll b
                                  1. Accessory Pigment Function
                                3. Carotenoids
                                  1. Carotenes
                                    1. Light Harvesting Function
                                      1. Photoprotection Role
                                      2. Xanthophylls
                                        1. Role in Non-Photochemical Quenching
                                      3. Absorption Spectra of Pigments
                                        1. Wavelengths Absorbed by Each Pigment
                                          1. Action Spectrum of Photosynthesis
                                        2. The Light-Dependent Reactions
                                          1. Location in Thylakoid Membranes
                                            1. Photosystem II
                                              1. Water Splitting
                                                1. Oxygen Evolution
                                                2. Electron Transport Chain
                                                  1. Sequence of Electron Carriers
                                                    1. Generation of Proton Gradient
                                                    2. Photosystem I
                                                      1. NADP+ Reduction
                                                      2. Production of ATP and NADPH
                                                        1. Chemiosmosis
                                                          1. ATP Synthase Function
                                                        2. The Light-Independent Reactions
                                                          1. Location in Stroma
                                                            1. Carbon Fixation
                                                              1. Role of RuBisCO Enzyme
                                                              2. Reduction Phase
                                                                1. Formation of G3P
                                                                2. Regeneration of RuBP
                                                                  1. ATP Consumption
                                                                3. Factors Limiting Photosynthesis
                                                                  1. Light Intensity
                                                                    1. Light Saturation Point
                                                                      1. Light Compensation Point
                                                                      2. Carbon Dioxide Concentration
                                                                        1. Temperature
                                                                          1. Water Availability
                                                                            1. Nutrient Availability

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                                                                          2. Fundamentals of Light

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                                                                          4. Photomorphogenesis