Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

  1. GIS Technology and Systems
    1. GIS Software Architectures
      1. Desktop GIS
        1. Standalone Applications
          1. Feature Capabilities
            1. Common Software Packages
              1. ArcGIS Desktop
                1. QGIS
                  1. MapInfo Professional
                2. Server-based GIS
                  1. GIS Server Architecture
                    1. Web Services
                      1. Client-Server Model
                      2. Web GIS
                        1. Thin Client Applications
                          1. Rich Internet Applications
                            1. Web Mapping APIs
                            2. Mobile GIS
                              1. Field Data Collection
                                1. Mobile Applications
                                  1. Offline Capabilities
                                  2. Cloud-based GIS
                                    1. Software as a Service
                                      1. Platform as a Service
                                        1. Infrastructure as a Service
                                          1. Cloud Storage Solutions
                                        2. Data Interoperability
                                          1. Open Geospatial Consortium Standards
                                            1. Web Map Service
                                              1. Web Feature Service
                                                1. Web Coverage Service
                                                  1. Web Processing Service
                                                    1. Geography Markup Language
                                                    2. Data Exchange Formats
                                                      1. Format Translation
                                                        1. Data Conversion Tools
                                                          1. Interoperability Challenges
                                                          2. Spatial Data Infrastructure
                                                            1. Metadata Catalogs
                                                              1. Data Sharing Protocols
                                                            2. GIS Programming and Customization
                                                              1. Visual Programming
                                                                1. ModelBuilder
                                                                  1. Workflow Automation
                                                                    1. Model Documentation
                                                                    2. Scripting Languages
                                                                      1. Python for GIS
                                                                        1. ArcPy Library
                                                                          1. PyQGIS
                                                                            1. Geopandas
                                                                            2. R for Spatial Analysis
                                                                              1. JavaScript for Web GIS
                                                                              2. Custom Application Development
                                                                                1. Desktop Application Development
                                                                                  1. Web Application Development
                                                                                    1. Mobile Application Development
                                                                                    2. Application Programming Interfaces
                                                                                      1. REST APIs
                                                                                        1. SOAP APIs
                                                                                          1. JavaScript APIs
                                                                                        2. Database Integration
                                                                                          1. Spatial Database Systems
                                                                                            1. PostGIS
                                                                                              1. Oracle Spatial
                                                                                                1. SQL Server Spatial
                                                                                                2. Enterprise Geodatabases
                                                                                                  1. Multi-user Access
                                                                                                    1. Versioning Systems
                                                                                                      1. Replication
                                                                                                    2. Emerging Technologies
                                                                                                      1. Real-time GIS
                                                                                                        1. Sensor Integration
                                                                                                          1. Internet of Things
                                                                                                            1. Live Data Feeds
                                                                                                              1. Stream Processing
                                                                                                              2. Big Data and GIS
                                                                                                                1. Distributed Computing
                                                                                                                  1. Hadoop Ecosystem
                                                                                                                    1. Spark for Spatial Analysis
                                                                                                                    2. Artificial Intelligence in GIS
                                                                                                                      1. Machine Learning Applications
                                                                                                                        1. Deep Learning for Image Analysis
                                                                                                                          1. Pattern Recognition
                                                                                                                            1. Predictive Modeling
                                                                                                                            2. Augmented and Virtual Reality
                                                                                                                              1. AR Applications in GIS
                                                                                                                                1. VR for Spatial Visualization
                                                                                                                                  1. Mixed Reality Environments

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                                                                                                                              6. Cartography and Geovisualization

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                                                                                                                              8. Applications of GIS