Galactic and Extragalactic Astrophysics

  1. Active Galactic Nuclei and Supermassive Black Holes
    1. Discovery and Types of AGN
      1. Historical Observations
        1. Early Radio Sources
          1. Optical Identification
          2. Quasars
            1. Optical and Radio Properties
              1. High Redshift Quasars
                1. Luminosity Functions
                2. Seyfert Galaxies
                  1. Type 1 and Type 2
                    1. Spectral Characteristics
                      1. Host Galaxy Properties
                      2. Radio Galaxies
                        1. Radio Lobes and Jets
                          1. Fanaroff-Riley Classification
                            1. Extended Radio Structure
                            2. LINERs
                              1. Spectral Features
                                1. Prevalence in Local Universe
                                  1. Low-luminosity AGN
                                  2. Blazars
                                    1. Variability and Polarization
                                      1. Orientation Effects
                                        1. Gamma-ray Emission
                                      2. The Central Engine
                                        1. Supermassive Black Holes
                                          1. Mass Measurement Techniques
                                            1. Stellar Dynamics
                                              1. Gas Dynamics
                                                1. Reverberation Mapping
                                                2. Growth Mechanisms
                                                  1. Accretion
                                                    1. Mergers
                                                  2. The Accretion Disk
                                                    1. Structure and Emission Mechanisms
                                                      1. Thermal and Non-thermal Radiation
                                                        1. Shakura-Sunyaev Model
                                                        2. The Broad Line Region
                                                          1. Kinematics and Size
                                                            1. Reverberation Mapping
                                                              1. Photoionization Models
                                                              2. The Narrow Line Region
                                                                1. Ionization Mechanisms
                                                                  1. Spatial Extent
                                                                    1. Forbidden Line Emission
                                                                    2. The Obscuring Torus
                                                                      1. Dust and Gas Content
                                                                        1. Infrared Emission
                                                                          1. Clumpy vs. Smooth Models
                                                                        2. Relativistic Jets
                                                                          1. Launching Mechanisms
                                                                            1. Magnetohydrodynamic Processes
                                                                              1. Black Hole Spin
                                                                                1. Blandford-Znajek Mechanism
                                                                                2. Collimation and Propagation
                                                                                  1. Jet Stability
                                                                                    1. Interaction with Environment
                                                                                      1. Precession
                                                                                      2. Synchrotron Radiation
                                                                                        1. Emission Processes
                                                                                          1. Spectral Energy Distribution
                                                                                            1. Polarization
                                                                                            2. Jet-ISM Interactions
                                                                                              1. Shock Heating
                                                                                                1. Cavity Formation
                                                                                              2. The AGN Unification Model
                                                                                                1. Orientation-Based Explanation of AGN Types
                                                                                                  1. Type 1 vs. Type 2 AGN
                                                                                                    1. Role of the Torus
                                                                                                      1. Viewing Angle Effects
                                                                                                      2. Observational Tests
                                                                                                        1. Polarization Studies
                                                                                                          1. Infrared Observations
                                                                                                        2. SMBH Demographics and Scaling Relations
                                                                                                          1. The M-sigma Relation
                                                                                                            1. Black Hole Mass vs. Velocity Dispersion
                                                                                                              1. Observational Evidence
                                                                                                                1. Theoretical Implications
                                                                                                                2. Black Hole Mass-Bulge Mass Relation
                                                                                                                  1. Co-evolutionary Scenarios
                                                                                                                    1. Scatter and Outliers
                                                                                                                    2. Black Hole Occupation Fraction
                                                                                                                      1. Frequency in Different Galaxy Types
                                                                                                                    3. Co-evolution of Galaxies and SMBHs
                                                                                                                      1. AGN Feedback on Host Galaxies
                                                                                                                        1. Star Formation Suppression
                                                                                                                          1. Outflows and Winds
                                                                                                                            1. Maintenance Mode vs. Quasar Mode
                                                                                                                            2. Fueling of AGN
                                                                                                                              1. Gas Inflow Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                1. Role of Mergers and Bars
                                                                                                                                  1. Secular Processes
                                                                                                                                  2. AGN Triggering
                                                                                                                                    1. Environmental Factors
                                                                                                                                      1. Galaxy Interactions

                                                                                                                                  Previous

                                                                                                                                  4. Galaxy Formation and Evolution

                                                                                                                                  Go to top

                                                                                                                                  Next

                                                                                                                                  6. Large-Scale Structure of the Universe